Analysis of a single-atom dipole trap

Weber, Markus; Volz, Jürgen; Saucke, Karen; Kurtsiefer, Christian; Weinfurter, Harald

doi:10.1103/physreva.73.043406

Cited by 61 publications

(45 citation statements)

References 55 publications

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“…Large numerical aperture optics, when diffraction limited, can focus laser beams down to sub-micron spots that can be used as sharp optical tweezers [8]. In atomic physics, this strong confinement can be used to trap exactly one atom in the tweezer [2,9], with high oscillation frequencies due to the sharp focussing. Using independently controlled optical tweezers simultaneously, one can control the collision between two (or more) individual particles [10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diffraction-limited optics for single-atom manipulation

et al. 2007

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We present an optical system designed to capture and observe a single neutral atom in an optical dipole trap, created by focussing a laser beam using a large numerical aperture (N.A. = 0.5) aspheric lens. We experimentally evaluate the performance of the optical system and show that it is diffraction limited over a broad spectral range (∼ 200 nm) with a large transverse field (±25 µm). The optical tweezer created at the focal point of the lens is able to trap single atoms of 87 Rb and to detect them individually with a large collection efficiency. We measure the oscillation frequency of the atom in the dipole trap, and use this value as an independent determination of the waist of the optical tweezer. Finally, we produce with the same lens two dipole traps separated by 2.2 µm and show that the imaging system can resolve the two atoms.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diffraction-limited optics for single-atom manipulation

et al. 2007

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“…The delay time of photon pair events is recorded by a time-to-digital converter (TDC, RoentDek TDC8HP) only when the fluorescence exceeds the threshold in order to minimize background contributions. In Figure 3(b), the background corrected measurement results indicate that the fluorescence does come from one atom [21]. …”

Section: Experimental Overviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The axial oscillation frequency in our experiment is much small due to extremely weak axial confinement of single atoms, which can be greatly increased in a standing wave field [21]. To enhance the radial confinement, it is a good approach to reduce the waist of the focused spot.…”

Section: Combining Red and Blue Detuned Optical Potentials To Form A mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The process of two or more atoms in a very small trap volume being ejected from the trap occurs as a result of light-assisted collision induced by the resonant laser at 780 nm, known as the "collisional blockade" mechanism [13,14]. To assure that the upper fluorescence level corresponds to one atom, we make the Hanbury Brown and Twiss (HBT) effect measurement [20,21]. The fluorescence coupled into the single-mode fiber is sent through a 50/50 fiber optic beam splitter onto two APDs and then converted into NIM signal by discriminators (ORTEC 935).…”

Section: Experimental Overviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Single atoms in the ring lattice for quantum information processing and quantum simulation

Shi

et al. 2012

Chin. Sci. Bull.

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We have demonstrated preparing and rotating single neutral rubidium atoms in an optical ring lattice generated by a spatial light modulator, inserting two atoms into a single microscopic optical potential efficiently by dynamically reshaping the optical dipole trap, trapping single atoms in a blue detuned optical bottle beam trap, and confining single atoms into the Lamb-Dicke regime by combining red and blue detuned optical potentials. In combination with the manipulation of internal states of single atoms, the study is opening a way for research in the field of quantum information processing and quantum simulation. In this paper we review the past works and discuss the prospects. laser cooling and trapping, single atoms, quantum information processing, quantum simulation Citation:Yu S, He X D, Xu P, et al. Single atoms in the ring lattice for quantum information processing and quantum simulation. Chin Sci Bull, 2012Bull, , 57: 1931 1945Bull, , doi: 10.1007 Single neutral atoms are promising candidates for quantum information processing [6,7]. A qubit can be encoded in the internal or motional states of an atom, and multi-qubit operations can be performed based on atom-light interactions or atom-atom interactions. In particular, the hyperfine ground states of alkali-metal atoms can be considered as qubits, which can be easily manipulated via microwave radiation or Raman transitions. Several kinds of proposals for quantum gate operation were designed based on dipoledipole interactions between Rydberg atoms [8], cavity-mediated photon exchange [9] and controlled collisions [10]. Furthermore, single atom array can serve as a research platform for physical models described in other systems that are not directly investigated experimentally. The few-body simulation offers an opportunity to understand some intriguing many-body phenomena, such as superconductivity in solid materials [11], and the natural process of photosynthesis [12]. Instead of being adiabatically transferred from ultracold atomic ensemble, in our experiment single atom array is built one by one based on "collisional blockade" mechanism [13,14] that locks the atom number either zero or one in ultra small dipole trap in the presence of near-resonant laser light. Here, we demonstrate trapping single neutral rubidium atoms in the ring lattice generated by a computer controlled spatial light modulator (SLM), and present several kinds of manipulations of single atom array.

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“…(iii) The photon is subject to a complete Bell-state measurement [18,22], projecting the atom into one of four well-defined states. (iv) The success of the transfer is shown with full quantum state tomography of the atomic qubit.In more detail, we first establish entanglement between a photon and a single neutral 87 Rb atom stored in an optical dipole trap [23]. Therefore the atom is optically excited to the 5 2 P 3/2 , |F ′ = 0, m F ′ = 0 state (see Fig.…”

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confidence: 99%

Remote preparation of an atomic quantum memory

Rosenfeld

Berner

Volz

et al. 2007

2007 European Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics and the International Quantum Electronics Conference

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Storage and distribution of quantum information are key elements of quantum information processing and quantum communication. Here, using atom-photon entanglement as the main physical resource, we experimentally demonstrate the preparation of a distant atomic quantum memory. Applying a quantum teleportation protocol on a locally prepared state of a photonic qubit, we realized this so-called remote state preparation on a single, optically trapped 87 Rb atom. We evaluated the performance of this scheme by the full tomography of the prepared atomic state, reaching an average fidelity of 82%.Quantum teleportation[1] and quantum cryptography [2] were the first quantum communication methods experimentally demonstrated. Meanwhile, first devices for secure communication became already commercially available. For the next step of quantum information processing, new methods and technologies are required. Many new concepts of quantum information science, for example the quantum repeater [3] or quantum networks, all the way towards distributed quantum computing, require a device interfacing photonic quantum channels and matter-based quantum memories and processors. So far, there are two methods experimentally investigated. The first employs atomic ensembles to momentarily store quantum states of light. Recently, qubits encoded on single photons or qunits encoded in the quantum state of an electromagnetic field have been transferred to the collective state of atoms and vice versa [4,5]. An impressive experimental demonstration of a first quantum communication protocol, the quantum teleportation of coherent states of light, was reported very recently [6]. In the second method the desired interface to a photonic communication channel can be realized using the recently achieved entanglement between a single atom and a single photon [7,8]. This method applies directly to well-studied single quantum systems like trapped neutral atoms or ions. For linear ion chains and neutral atoms in optical lattices, various methods of quantum information storage and processing were already demonstrated, e.g. entanglement of up to 8 ions [9,10], creation of a cluster state involving tens of neutral atoms [11] or manipulations on a neutral atom quantum shift register [12]. Furthermore, this interface concept can be adopted to other qubit systems, like optically addressed quantum dots [13,14,15] or superconducting QED-systems [16], stimulating novel applications in these areas as well.Here we report the first experimental realization of a quantum communication protocol based on atom-photon entanglement. We perform full remote preparation of an atomic quantum memory via teleportation of an arbitrarily prepared quantum state of a single photon, using matter-light entanglement as the interface between the memory device and the communication channel. This method uses expansion of the Hilbert space of one particle of the entangled pair with subsequent complete Bell-state analysis. Being formally equivalent to quantum teleportation [17,18] it enables t...

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Analysis of a single-atom dipole trap

Cited by 61 publications

References 55 publications

Diffraction-limited optics for single-atom manipulation

Diffraction-limited optics for single-atom manipulation

Single atoms in the ring lattice for quantum information processing and quantum simulation

Remote preparation of an atomic quantum memory

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