Analysis of Ankle-Brachial Index, Waist-Hip Ratio, Ejection-Fraction, Obesity, Smoking, Alcohol Habits, Diabetes and Hypertension as Independent Predictors of Complexity and Severity of Coronary Artery Disease

Abstract

Background: The present study was conducted to examine the association between various coronary risk factors and clinical parameters, with special emphasis on ankle-brachial index, in predicting the severity and complexity of coronary artery disease. Methods: Patients diagnosed with coronary artery disease at our hospital between September-2012 and December-2014 were examined in this study. Selected patients were screened for cardiovascular risk factors including diabetes, hypertension, smoking, and alcohol habits as well as for clinical parameters including body-mass index, waist-hip ratio, ankle-brachial index, and ejection fraction. All patients underwent coronary angiography and were evaluated for severity of coronary artery disease (based on number of vessels involved) and complexity of coronary angiographic lesions (measured by computer-assisted Syntax score calculator). The collected data were analyzed to determine the role of cardiovascular risk factors and clinical parameters as predictors of complexity and severity of coronary artery disease. Results: A total of 211 patients (mean age: 54.64 ± 9.9 years; 81% males) with coronary artery disease were analyzed. Findings revealed that diabetes mellitus (p < 0.001), hypertension (p < 0.001), smoking habits (p = 0.036), and low ankle-brachial index (p < 0.001) were independent predictors of complex coronary artery disease as measured by Syntax score. Significant associations were also evident between severity of coronary artery disease and diabetes mellitus (p < 0.001), hypertension (p < 0.001), and ankle-brachial index (p < 0.001). Conversely, other cardiovascular risk factors including body-mass index, alcohol habits, wait-hip ratio, and ejection fraction did not exhibit significant associations with severity and complexity of coronary artery. Conclusions: The early diagnosis of coronary artery can be predicated by evaluating diabetes, hypertension, and smoking habits in patients presenting with acute coronary syndrome. In addition, ankle-brachial index can be used as an effective non-invasive bedside tool, as an al-N. K. Cheruku et al. 839 ternative to Syntax score, in predicting the severity and complexity of coronary artery disease.

The Correlations between Admission Heart Rate and Corrected QT Interval Prolongations with Coronary Artery Disease in Patients with Acute Coronary Syndrome

“…In the current study: there was highly significant difference between groups regarding number of diseased vessels. Also Patients of (intermediatehigh SS) group were more likely to have multi vessel disease than patients of (low SS) group (68.8%versus 8.3%) with p value 0.001 This was concordant with studies conducted by Cherku et al [9] & Hindieh et al [23] showed that the individuals with multi-vessel diseases (MVD) are associated with higher burden of angiographic CAD severity Compared with those with non -MVD with P value 0.047.…”

“…Also the study conducted by Cherku et al [9] stated that DM was highly significant between the study population.…”

Association between modified ankle-brachial pressure index and indices of adiposity

“…[15] Obesity and lower ABPI scores are predictor of complexity and severity of CAD. [27] Study focused on weight loss stated that the association of higher BMI with low ABPI in overweight/obese adults with diabetes. However, intensive weight loss interventions did not significantly change the ABPI.…”