Analysis of ascorbate peroxidase genes expressed in resistant and susceptible wheat lines infected by the cereal cyst nematode, Heterodera avenae

Abstract

Changes in ascorbate peroxidase (APX) enzyme activity in response to nematode (Heterodera avenae) attack were studied in roots of three hexaploid wheat lines carrying Cre2, Cre5, or Cre7 nematode resistance genes and the susceptible Triticum aestivum cv. Anza. A spectrophotometric analysis was carried out with root extracts of infected plants 4, 7, 11, and 14 days after nematode inoculation using uninfected plant as control. APX induction in infected resistant genotypes was similar and higher than in the susceptible control. The introgression wheat/Aegilops ventricosa H-93-8 line, carrying the Cre2 gene, and its parental line H-10-15 as susceptible control were used to analyze whether this increase of activity was correlated with the induction of APX gene expression. Genes encoding cytosolic forms of APX were induced in roots of both lines in response to nematode infection. This induction took place both earlier and with greater intensity in the resistant line than in the susceptible one, and it was also higher in the root area at the site of nematode attachment.

Transgenic Strategies for Enhancement of Nematode Resistance in Plants

“…They confirmed that SA inducible PR-1(P4) was a hallmark for the cultivar resistance conferred by Hero A against PCN and that nematode parasitism resulted in the inhibition of the SA signaling pathway in the susceptible cultivars. Similar effects were found in resistant line of hexaploid wheat carrying Cre2 gene, which showed upregulation of ascorbate peroxidase coding gene in response to cereal cyst nematode ( H. avenae ) when compared with the expression in the susceptible lines (Simonetti et al, 2010). …”

Testing and modelling the potential of three diploid plants in Poaceae as a new pathosystem to investigate the interactions between cereal hosts and cereal cyst nematode (Heterodera avenae)

“…Cereal cyst nematode (CCN), Heterodera avenae, is one of the most important cereal pathogens worldwide, causing yield losses and decreased grain quality (Long et al, 2013;Kumar et al, 2014). A better understanding of the mechanisms underlying the interactions between CCN and its hosts is important for the development of new control strategies against this pathogen (Simonetti et al, 2010). However, studying the complex molecular interactions between CCN and its host is challenging due to the lack of a suitable model pathosystem.…”

Transgenic tobacco plants constitutively expressing Arabidopsis NPR1 show enhanced resistance to root-knot nematode, Meloidogyne incognita

“…Montes et al [13] analyzed the activities of peroxidase and superoxide dismutase in the roots of resistant and susceptible cultivars of wheat with respect to infestation by the nematode, Heterodera avenae and found that the resistant variety exhibited enhanced activities in comparison to the susceptible ones. Similarly, Simonetti et al [14,15] also showed that ascorbate peroxidase and apoplastic peroxidase genes are upregulated in wheat lines resistant to Heterodera avenae compared to susceptible cultivars. Uehara et al [16] made a comparative microarray analysis of the compatible and incompatible interaction in tomato cultivars with respect to the interaction with the potato cyst nematode (PCN; Globodera rostochiensis ) at early stages.…”