Analysis of biodiesel product derived from waste cooking oil using fourier transform infrared spectroscopy

Kamaronzaman, Muhammad Farid Fitri; Kahar, Haniza; Hassan, Nazatulshima; Hanafi, Muhammad Farhan

doi:10.1016/j.matpr.2020.06.088

Cited by 17 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…The FTIR of WCO and the product of esterification are presented in Figure 8. It can be seen that due to the main structural change was the substitution of methanol in the hydrocarbon chain, the FTIR spectrum of FAME was mainly similar to the WCO, as consistent with previous reports (Kamaronzaman et al, 2020a;Rafati et al, 2019).…”

Section: Fame Physicochemical Propertiessupporting

confidence: 90%

Potential of Fatty Acid Methyl Ester as Diesel Blends Produced from Free Fatty Acid in Waste Cooking Oil Catalyzed by Montmorillonite-Sulfonated Carbon

Hasanudin¹,

Asri²,

Putri³

et al. 2023

JST

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This research, biodiesel production from waste cooking oil (WCO), was conducted using a montmorillonite-sulfonated carbon catalyst from molasses. The biodiesel product would be blended with diesel fuel with various volume variations to see its fuel properties. The catalyst was assessed by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscope (SEM), N2 adsorption-desorption isotherm, and acidity analysis using the titration method. The effect of the weight ratio of montmorillonite to sulfonated carbon was also evaluated. The process of esterification reaction was optimized using the response surface methodology with a central composite design (RSM-CCD). The study showed that the weight ratio of montmorillonite to sulfonated carbon of 1:3 generated the highest acidity of 9.79 mmol/g with a prominent enhanced surface area and was further employed to optimize the esterification reaction. The optimum condition was obtained at a reaction temperature of 78.12°C, catalyst weight of 2.98 g, and reaction time of 118.27 with an FFA conversion of 74.101%. The optimum condition for the mixture of FAME and diesel fuel was achieved at the composition of the B20 blend, which met the FAME standard. The reusability study revealed that the catalyst had adequate stability at three consecutive runs, with a reduced performance was 18.60%. The reduction of FFA conversion was due to the leaching of the catalyst’s active site. This study disclosed that the FAME generated from the esterification of FFA on WCO-catalyzed montmorillonite-sulfonated carbon had a promising option as biodiesel blends for increasing the quality of commercial diesel.

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Section: Fame Physicochemical Propertiessupporting

confidence: 90%

Potential of Fatty Acid Methyl Ester as Diesel Blends Produced from Free Fatty Acid in Waste Cooking Oil Catalyzed by Montmorillonite-Sulfonated Carbon

Hasanudin¹,

Asri²,

Putri³

et al. 2023

JST

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“…Similar peaks at 2924 and 2836 cm −1 were found in all three spectra corresponding to the C–H stretching of alkane. Earlier investigations also identified these similarities and discriminations between oil, biodiesel and diesel as reported here 18–23 . The SWPO spectrum recorded and discussed by Wu et al showed similar patterns and characteristics 24 …”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 72%

“…Earlier investigations also identified these similarities and discriminations between oil, biodiesel and diesel as reported here. [18][19][20][21][22][23] The SWPO spectrum recorded and discussed by Wu et al showed similar patterns and characteristics. 24…”

Section: Atr-ftir Spectroscopic Analysismentioning

confidence: 59%

Spent silkworm pupae as a renewable and sustainable source for biodiesel

Nandakrishnan¹,

Nandhini²,

Mohan³

et al. 2022

Biofuels Bioprod Bioref

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Global silk production generates about 1 million tons of spent pupae annually that are generally discarded as waste but could be used to generate about 240 million liters of biodiesel every year. Spent pupae contain about 30–40% oil, 30–40% proteins and about 20–30% carbohydrates which comprise a low‐cost, renewable and sustainable source for production of biofuels, particularly biodiesel. Some studies indicate the potential of converting the pupa oil into biodiesel but there are no reports on the detailed characteristics and the properties and performance of the pupa biodiesel. In this study, oil was obtained from the pupae using mechanical and Soxhlet extraction with yield of up to 95%. The oil was transesterified using acid and alkaline catalysts under different processing conditions. A conversion ratio of more than 90% from oil to biodiesel was possible. Pupae diesel had characteristics similar to regular synthetic‐based diesel with calorific value of between 44 41 MJ kg−1. Pupae diesel was blended up to 50% with regular diesel and performance of the pure and blended fuel was tested on an engine test rig. Engine performance tests showed that the pupa diesel did not compromise the efficiency and produced emissions within the stipulated standards. © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

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“…47 The peaks found in this research work are 2921.05, 2852.76, 1367.45, 1114.85, 1078.62, and 724.21 cm −1 . 48 The UCOME production is also substantiated from the proton NMR analysis as shown in Figure S6. The presence of methoxy protons and α-CH 2 protons in the ester was confirmed as a result of the singlet peak observed at 3.664 ppm and triplet peak detected at 2.850 ppm.…”

Section: Comparability Of the Synthesized Catalyst Withmentioning

confidence: 74%

Evaluating the Scale-Up Potential of Biogenic Heterogeneous Catalyst for Biodiesel Production

Ghosh,

Rokhum

et al. 2024

ACS Sustainable Resour. Manage.

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The increasing global population and its associated energy requirements significantly burden natural energy resources. The Paris Agreement's promises to prevent global warming and promote sustainable development are obscured by the fossil fuel industry's frightening rate of exploitation. Biodiesel offers a sustainable substitute for fossil fuels to solve viable fuel and socioeconomic issues. Diverse feedstocks, including Jatropha oil, palm oil, used frying oil, edible oil, animal fat, and microbial oil, are used to make biodiesel. Much exploration has been done on creating innovative and sustainable biodiesel synthesis technologies to boost the yield of biodiesel to remain competitive. In the current investigation, tamarind seed (Tamarindus indica) derived sulfonated doped carbon catalyst was utilized for the transformation of used cooking oil methyl ester (UCOME). The morphological and spectral analyses of the produced catalyst were performed thoroughly by means of TGA, BET, FTIR, XRD, and SEM-EDAX. The study of optimization of parameters that impact biodiesel efficacy was conducted using response surface methodology, which gave 98.97% conversion. The esterification reaction was examined by two kinetic models, and it followed the pseudo-first-order reaction kinetics with the reaction being endothermic and not spontaneous. The catalyst exhibited good reusability with 81.17% conversion until 4 cycles. The deactivation study of the prepared sulfonated catalyst (SDC) was analyzed. Additionally, fuel was ascertained by GC−MS, 1 H NMR, and FTIR evaluations. The anticipated cost of 1 kg catalyst and 1 L UCOME, as determined by cost analysis, were $3.706 and $0.403, respectively, demonstrating their excellent economic viabilities.

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Analysis of biodiesel product derived from waste cooking oil using fourier transform infrared spectroscopy

Cited by 17 publications

References 28 publications

Potential of Fatty Acid Methyl Ester as Diesel Blends Produced from Free Fatty Acid in Waste Cooking Oil Catalyzed by Montmorillonite-Sulfonated Carbon

Potential of Fatty Acid Methyl Ester as Diesel Blends Produced from Free Fatty Acid in Waste Cooking Oil Catalyzed by Montmorillonite-Sulfonated Carbon

Spent silkworm pupae as a renewable and sustainable source for biodiesel

Evaluating the Scale-Up Potential of Biogenic Heterogeneous Catalyst for Biodiesel Production

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