Analysis of CO₂ Valorisation Options for Regional Development

Abstract

Mitigation of CO2 emissions has become a top-question in international and national arenas, likewise on the city level. Existing CO2 mitigation measures are primarily oriented towards wider deployment of low-carbon technologies of renewable energy sources and energy efficiency measures, focusing on energy production, distribution and energy use sectors, as well as the transport sector. Due to higher CO2 reduction efficiency and the cost aspect, the direct CO2 mitigation options currently applied are mostly oriented on large scale CO2 generators. Meanwhile the rural, sparsely populated regions already suffer from a lack of innovative industrial economic activities, inhabitant’s migration to urban areas and mostly involved in agriculture, land use and forestry activities. They are also “saved” by the public authorities from targeted CO2 emissions mitigation actions, therefore, the understanding of processes within rural CO2 economy sectors, factors, interconnections and effects to the environment and nature quality and finally guidelines to future actions are crucial. To analyse CO2 valorisation options for regional development, a multi-modelling approach combining literature review, an indicator analysis method and a multi-criteria decision-making analysis were used. As a result, CO2 valorisation options and key performance indicators were defined and multi-criteria analysis for regional decarbonization scenarios were performed.

Climate Performance of Liquefied Biomethane with Carbon Dioxide Utilization or Storage

“…This strategy (REPowerEU) will at the same time lead to an increased amount of biogenic CO₂ production, potentially making the CO₂ market more resilient. Realizing this potential will, however, require a more robust support scheme for CCU and CCS in European policy regarding market regulation, support for early development, and incentives and guidance from development [101,102].…”

Barriers and Driving Factors for Sustainable Development of CO2 Valorisation

“…Within the framework of this work, a SWOT analysis was carried out to conduct a comprehensive analysis of the possibility of capturing and/or using carbon dioxide in the territory of Latvia. In parallel, using the data from [23], all places of CO 2 production and potential use places were marked on Latvia's map using the Geographical Information System program via ArcGis software. The use of SWOT analysis, together with cartographic programs, allows decision-makers to evaluate the proposed solutions to the problem to prioritise them correctly.…”

“…Production data were collected from government databases such as State Environmental Service, Latvian Center for Environment, Geology and Meteorology [39,40]. The results of such mapping have already been thoroughly discussed and analysed in [23]. The places of carbon dioxide production in 2019 were marked on the map of Latvia, indicating both the category of the enterprise (A or B permit) and the type of activity itself.…”