Analysis of Combustion Process of Sewage Sludge in Reference to Coals and Biomass

Abstract

Production of sewage sludge is an inseparable part of the treatment process. The chemical and sanitary composition of sewage sludge flowing into the treatment plant is a very important factor determining the further use of the final product obtained in these plants. The sewage sludge is characterized by heterogeneity and multi-components properties, because they have characteristics of the classical and fertilizer wastes and energetic fuels. The thermal utilization of sewage sludge is necessary due to the unfavorable sanitary characteristics and the addition of the industrial sewage. This method ensures use of sewage sludge energy and return of expenditure incurred for the treatment of these wastes and their disposal. Sewage sludge should be analyzed in relation to conventional fuels (coals and biomass). They must comply with the applicable requirements, for example by an appropriate degree of dehydration, which guarantee the stable and efficient combustion. This paper takes the issue of the combustion process of the different sewage sludge and their comparison of the coal and biomass fuels.

Potential Source Apportionment and Meteorological Conditions Involved in Airborne 131I Detections in January/February 2017 in Europe

“…Total annual production of dry sewage sludge in the 27 countries of the EU currently reaches almost 10 7 t, of which a variable percentage is incinerated . For example, in Poland, only 3% of the 160 000 t of dry sludge that could have been burnt were actually incinerated in 2009, but this rapidly increased to 8.7% in 2011, with aims to increase the proportion to 30% by 2020 . In Germany, the percentage of sludge being annually incinerated has increased by 20% from 1999 to 2001 corresponding to ∼0.46 × 10 6 t, to about 60% of the totally produced sludge amount in 2013 and 2014, and corresponding a sewage sludge sum up m (sludge per year) of 10 6 t (dry mass). , High combustion percentages of sewage sludge have been reported also for Belgium, Austria, France, the highest being for Switzerland (97%) …”

“…43,44 High combustion percentages of sewage sludge have been reported also for Belgium, Austria, France, the highest being for Switzerland (97%). 42 In all large sewage plants, the sludge designated for incineration is burnt almost immediately to avoid the necessity of interim storage space (Bremen WWTP administration, personal communication). Therefore, no significant decay of 131 I needs to be considered and contributes to the release of 131 I into the atmosphere despite the filtration system efficiency.…”

“…42,43 High combustion percentages of sewage sludge have been reported also for Belgium, Austria, France, the highest being for Switzerland (97 %). 42 In all large sewage plants, the sludge designated for incineration is burnt almost immediately to avoid the necessity of interim storage space (Bremen WWTP administration, personal communication).…”

“…42 In Germany, the percentage of sludge being annually incinerated has increased by 20 % from 1999 to 2001 corresponding to ~ 0.46 × 10 6 t, to about 60 % of the totally produced sludge amount in 2013 and 2014, and corresponding a sewage sludge sum up m (sludge per year) of 10 6 t (dry mass). 42,43 High combustion percentages of sewage sludge have been reported also for Belgium, Austria, France, the highest being for Switzerland (97 %). 42 In all large sewage plants, the sludge designated for incineration is burnt almost immediately to avoid the necessity of interim storage space (Bremen WWTP administration, personal communication).…”