Analysis of conjugated and unconjugated bile acids in serum and jejunal fluid of normal subjects

Colloidal Structures in Media Simulating Intestinal Fed State Conditions with and Without Lipolysis Products

“…site and sampling time with regard to meals and composition of the meal). In general, mean fasted state BS concentrations typically range from 1.5 to 6 mM (7,8), while mean postprandial concentrations typically range from 8 to 20 mM with values as high as 40 mM having been reported (9)(10)(11)(12). Phase distribution studies of in vivo aspirates sampled from duodenum during digestion have previously demonstrated that unilamellar vesicles coexist with micelles (13,14).…”

Conjugated primary bile salts reduce permeability of endotoxin through intestinal epithelial cells and synergize with phosphatidylcholine in suppression of inflammatory cytokine production

“…In healthy subjects, these four CPBS comprise between 75 and 90 molar percentage of the bile salts in bile from the gallbladder, making them dominant components of the bile acid fraction in this organ (30,31). Both the absolute concentrations and the concentration ratios of the single CPBS applied in the current study can be presumed to correspond to those occurring in the jejunum and ileum of humans (32)(33)(34).…”

Physicochemical Characterization of Simulated Intestinal Fed-State Fluids Containing Lyso-Phosphatidylcholine and Cholesterol

“…In general, mean fasted-state BS concentrations typically range from 1.5 to 6 mM (3,4), while mean postprandial concentrations typically range from 5 to 25 mM depended on the composition of the meal (5,6).…”