Analysis of Core Promoter Sequences Located Downstream from the TATA Element in the <i>hsp70</i> Promoter from <i>Drosophila melanogaster</i>

Wu, Chwen-Huey; Madabusi, Lakshmi V.; Nishioka, Hokuto; Emanuel, Peter A.; Sypes, Michael A; Arkhipova, Irina R.; Gilmour, David S.

doi:10.1128/mcb.21.5.1593-1602.2001

Cited by 42 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…Interestingly, Drosophila TAF1 has HMGA-like AT hooks-one or two motifs, depending on the TAF1 isoform-and only TAF1 isoforms with both AT hooks can directly bind, independently of TAF2, to the transcription start site of several Drosophila core promoters (Metcalf and Wassarman 2006). Furthermore, TAF1 is the only subunit within Drosophila TFIID that contacts the INR, as indicated by short-range protein-DNA cross-linking, suggesting that TAF2 plays only an accessory role (Wu et al 2001). In contrast, human TAF1 (and TAF1 in many/most other organisms) does not have any AT hook, but instead has an HMG box (Sekiguchi et al 1991).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Core promoter-selective function of HMGA1 and Mediator in Initiator-dependent transcription

Xu¹,

Sharma²,

Pan³

et al. 2011

Genes Dev.

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The factors and mechanisms underlying the differential activity and regulation of eukaryotic RNA polymerase II on different types of core promoters have remained elusive. Here we show that the architectural factor HMGA1 and the Mediator coregulator complex cooperate to enhance basal transcription from core promoters containing both a TATA box and an Initiator (INR) element but not from ''TATA-only'' core promoters. INR-dependent activation by HMGA1 and Mediator requires the TATA-binding protein (TBP)-associated factors (TAFs) within the TFIID complex and counteracts negative regulators of TBP/TATA-dependent transcription such as NC2 and Topoisomerase I. HMGA1 interacts with TFIID and Mediator and is required for the synergy of TATA and INR elements in mammalian cells. Accordingly, natural HMGA1-activated genes in embryonic stem cells tend to have both TATA and INR elements in a synergistic configuration. Our results suggest a core promoter-specific regulation of Mediator and the basal transcription machinery by HMGA1.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Core promoter-selective function of HMGA1 and Mediator in Initiator-dependent transcription

Xu¹,

Sharma²,

Pan³

et al. 2011

Genes Dev.

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“…4A). Despite this finding, direct binding of TAFs has been implicated for only a few core promoter elements: TAF1 and TAF2 bind the Drosophila Inr element, TAF1 binds the human DCE, and TAF6 and TAF9 bind the Drosophila DPE (Chen et al, 1994;Chalkley and Verrijzer, 1999;Burke and Kadonaga, 1997;Wu et al, 2001;Lee et al, 2005).…”

Section: Tfiid Binds Core Promoter Elementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Promoting developmental transcription

Ohler

Wassarman

2010

Development

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Animal growth and development depend on the precise control of gene expression at the level of transcription. A central role in the regulation of developmental transcription is attributed to transcription factors that bind DNA enhancer elements, which are often located far from gene transcription start sites. Here, we review recent studies that have uncovered significant regulatory functions in developmental transcription for the TFIID basal transcription factors and for the DNA core promoter elements that are located close to transcription start sites.

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“…The Hsp70 promoter contains a consensus TATA box, plus an Initiator and downstream sequences that may influence the transcriptional activity of the gene (Lee et al 1992;Wu et al 2001). To test whether downstream sequences have a role in H3 phosphorylation, we fused the origin of transcription containing the Initiator and downstream sequences of the gypsy retrotransposon (Arkhipova et al 1986), to the upstream promoter region of Hsp70 containing the TATA box (Fig.…”

Section: Gal4-induced Transcription Of Hsp70 Promoter-driven Transgenmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phosphorylation of histone H3 during transcriptional activation depends on promoter structure

Labrador¹,

Corcés²

2003

Genes Dev.

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Covalent modifications of histone N-terminal tails are required for the proper assembly and activation of the general transcription factors at promoters. Here, we analyze histone acetylation and phosphorylation in Drosophila transgenes activated by the yeast Gal4 transcriptional activator in the context of different promoters. We show that, independent of the promoter, transcription does not correlate with acetylation of either H3-Lys 14 or H4-Lys 8. Histone H3 associated with the DNA of Gal4-induced transcribing transgenes driven by the Drosophila Hsp70 promoter is hyperphosphorylated at Ser 10 during transcription. Surprisingly, histone H3 at Gal4-induced transgenes driven by the P element Transposase promoter is not hyperphosphorylated. The data suggest that transcription occurs without acetylated H4 and H3 in both transgenes in Drosophila polytene chromosomes. Instead, phosphorylation of H3 is linked to transcription and can be modulated by the structure of the promoter. Received July 8, 2002; revised version accepted October 31, 2002. Posttranslational covalent modifications of N-terminal tails of the core histones at the nucleosome play an important role in determining chromatin structure, which is an essential component of the control of nuclear biology (Jenuwein and Allis 2001). The expression of a large number of genes from organisms across the phylogenetic scale correlates with histone modifications such as acetylation, methylation, phosphorylation, and ubiquitination in the nucleosomes surrounding the promoter of the gene (Roth et al. 2001;Berger 2002;Fry and Peterson 2002;Sun and Allis 2002). Acetylation of histones H3 and H4 N-terminal tails has been broadly associated with activation of transcription. Histone acetyl-transferases (HATs) are found in a variety of coactivators and transcription factor complexes, whereas histone deacetylases (HDACs) are present in protein complexes with a repressive function (Roth et al. 2001). H3 methylation at Lys 9 has the opposite effect and therefore is found in regions where transcription is repressed by chromatin structure (Rea et al. 2000;Bannister et al. 2001). Phosphorylation of H3 at Ser 10 has also been correlated with activation of transcription in yeast, mammals, and Drosophila (Cheung et al. 2000;Lo et al. 2000;Nowak and Corces 2000;Lo et al. 2001;Thomson et al. 2001;Li et al. 2002;Strelkov and Davie 2002).Two nonexclusive models have been postulated to explain the role of histone N-terminal tail modification in transcription. The first one suggests that histone modifications have an effect on the relative charge of the histone tails, rendering a more open or closed chromatin state that determines the accessibility of transcription factors to the core promoter. The second model, termed the histone code hypothesis, predicts that a combination of covalent modifications of histone tails functions as a target for the specific binding of effector proteins (Turner 2000;Jenuwein and Allis 2001). Binding of these proteins will ultimately determine the transc...

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Analysis of Core Promoter Sequences Located Downstream from the TATA Element in the hsp70 Promoter from Drosophila melanogaster

Cited by 42 publications

References 45 publications

Core promoter-selective function of HMGA1 and Mediator in Initiator-dependent transcription

Core promoter-selective function of HMGA1 and Mediator in Initiator-dependent transcription

Promoting developmental transcription

Phosphorylation of histone H3 during transcriptional activation depends on promoter structure

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