The Ming Dynasty is renowned for its rich cultural and artistic achievements, which have a profound impact on various aspects of Chinese society, including fashion and clothing. A distinctive feature of Ming court clothing is the intricate dragon patterns, showcasing elaborate design craftsmanship. The dragon patterns in Ming Dynasty clothing encompass traditional Chinese aesthetic design, cultural beliefs, and traditional ceremonial practices, representing a cultural heritage that epitomizes China's rich history and traditions. The dragon patterns in Ming Dynasty clothing can be categorized into numerous types based on color, posture, pattern combinations, and motif patterns. This study conducts a detailed analysis on the formal aesthetics of dragon patterns in Ming Dynasty clothing through the functions of formal aesthetics in semantic theory. Dragon patterns not only possess visual appeal but also reflect traditional Chinese aesthetic views and cultural values. This research has the potential to inspire contemporary designers and contribute to the existing body of research on dragon patterns in society, enabling innovative approaches to the depiction of dragon patterns in Ming Dynasty clothing.