Analysis of damage characteristics and energy evolution of salt rock under triaxial cyclic loading and unloading

Lin, Hao; Liu, Jianfeng; Yang, Jianxiong; Ran, Lina; Ding, Guosheng; Wu, Zhide; Lyu, Cheng; Bian, Yu

doi:10.1016/j.est.2022.106145

Cited by 21 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…The unloading mechanical tests were based primarily on conventional indoor triaxial unloading tests, considering the effects of confining pressure, unloading rate, and time on the unloading mechanical properties of rock [14][15][16][17][18][19]. Lin et al [20] conducted triaxial loading and unloading tests on salt rock specimens and analyzed the damage characteristics and energy evolution law. Previous studies [21][22][23] also conducted uniaxial graded cyclic loading and unloading tests on metamorphic sandstone to examine the failure mode and the crack initiation and development process.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reloading Mechanical Properties and Particle Flow Simulation of Pre-Peak Confining Pressure Unloading Sandstone

Ding²,

Chen

2023

Applied Sciences

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The excavation-unloading damage effects of western high-geostress slopes on rock were explored by testing the pre-peak confining pressure unloading sandstone reloading mechanical properties. The deformation and failure mechanisms were studied from a mesoscopic perspective using the particle discrete-element method. (1) Approaching the unloading failure, confining pressure increased the specimen bearing capacity attenuation. (2) The confining pressure unloading promoted microdefect propagation and development; the specimens increased rapidly to the damage stress value after reaching the initiation stress value. The penetration fracture zone was more evident and expansive in the model, and the distribution of the dense crack areas was more concentrated in the fracture zone and area. (3) The average interval of the tangential contact force was the largest in the direction of crack expansion and propagation. The strong force chains were shown to primarily bear external loads, whereas the weak force chains played a key auxiliary role in maintaining stability. (4) The number of cracks developing in the confining pressure unloading damage process indicated that the loading process did not cause damage to the specimens. The fracture zones further propagated and formed on the dominant fractures based on the damage caused by the confining pressure unloading disturbance.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reloading Mechanical Properties and Particle Flow Simulation of Pre-Peak Confining Pressure Unloading Sandstone

Ding²,

Chen

2023

Applied Sciences

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“…At present, the shallow mineral resources are decreasing or even depleting year by year, and the exploitation of metallic and non-metallic mineral resources is in the stage of comprehensive advancement to the deep part 1 . The mining 2 , 3 and blasting 4 , 5 processes in rock engineering, and the gas storage and production 6 processes in salt cavern engineering, are all subject to cyclic loads that deform the rock. Rocks are the basic components of engineering rock masses, and different engineering projects have different rock types.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Acoustic emission characteristics and energy evolution law of rock damage process of different pore structures under cyclic loading

Jiang,

Dang,

Chen

et al. 2024

Sci Rep

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The AE and damage characteristics of three types of pore-structured rock under the same working conditions are studied by means of uniaxial cyclic loading and unloading tests. The results suggest that with repeated loading and unloading, AE ringing increases as a “jump”, and the denser the structure, the earlier the “jump” occurs. The AE cumulative energy shows a “step” upward trend, but there is a significant difference in the “step” spacing. By comparing the energy distribution of rocks with different pore structures, it can be seen that the smaller the porosity and the smaller the pore size, the greater the energy input and storage, and the earlier the internal failure. Compared with the other two energy-based damage calculation methods, the damage calculation method defined in this paper is closer to the true internal damage level of the rock loading cycle. The NSE value of the modified damage variable calculation method was significantly improved and it was shown that the dissipated energy before pore compaction is the main energy causing damage, after pore compaction the combined effects of dissipated energy and plastic deformation energy result in rock damage.

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“…In recent years, the study of rock damage has gained significant attention [24][25][26]. Scholars have developed various damage variable expressions based on the elastic modulus [27,28], residual strain [29,30], and energy principles [31,32]. However, the decay of the elastic modulus and the accumulation of residual deformation serve only as external indicators of damage and fail to quantitatively reflect the extent of damage.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Deformation Characteristics and Energy Evolution Rules of Siltstone under Stepwise Cyclic Loading and Unloading

Miao,

Shang,

Wang

et al. 2024

Buildings

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Uniaxial step cyclic loading and unloading tests on siltstone were conducted to investigate the mechanisms and evolution characteristics of rock deformation, including elastic, viscoelastic, and plastic aspects. This study proposes a method for separating dissipated energy into damage energy, which is used for particle slippage and structural fractures, and plastic energy, which remains in cracks that do not open after unloading. Additionally, elastic energy is divided into particle elastic energy, released by particle rebound, and crack elastic energy, released by the reopening of compacted cracks. The results indicate that as the stress amplitude increases, the damage energy consumption, plastic energy consumption, particle elastic energy, and crack elastic energy increase. At peak stress, significant expansion and penetration of cracks within the rock sample occur, leading to a sharp increase in damage energy consumption and a dramatic decrease in the rock sample’s mechanical properties, with the particle elastic energy dropping quickly. Plastic energy dissipation relates solely to cracks that do not reopen during unloading, with minimal change after reaching peak stress. The calculated damage variables, based on damage energy consumption, align with the deformation and energy characteristics of the rock, providing a reasonable description of the damage development process of the rock under cyclic loading and unloading.

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Analysis of damage characteristics and energy evolution of salt rock under triaxial cyclic loading and unloading

Cited by 21 publications

References 13 publications

Reloading Mechanical Properties and Particle Flow Simulation of Pre-Peak Confining Pressure Unloading Sandstone

Reloading Mechanical Properties and Particle Flow Simulation of Pre-Peak Confining Pressure Unloading Sandstone

Acoustic emission characteristics and energy evolution law of rock damage process of different pore structures under cyclic loading

Deformation Characteristics and Energy Evolution Rules of Siltstone under Stepwise Cyclic Loading and Unloading

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