Analysis of data from spilling experiments performed with liquid hydrogen

CFD computations of liquid hydrogen releases

“…The release occurred between two buildings and Ref. [6] reported an estimated release rate of LH 2 of 0.37 kg/s that lasted for 125 s. A neutral stability class has been used in the simulations and the estimated average wind speed was 0.5 m/s at a height of 0.9 m. The simulated results compared reasonably well with experimental data.…”

“…FLACS has also been validated previously against largescale liquid H 2 release and dispersion experiments [5]. One of the simulated experiments was performed by Battelle Ingenieurtechnik and Bundesanstalt fur Materialforschung und Prufung (BAM), Berlin, in the frame of the Euro-Quebec-HydroHydrogen-Pilot-Project and dealt mainly with LH 2 near ground releases between buildings [6]. The experimental trial 5 was used for simulation due to the fact that in this release the largest numbers of sensor readings were obtained.…”

“…The experiments aimed to investigate the generation and dispersion of flammable clouds that could be formed as a result of large, rapid spills of liquid hydrogen. The experiments consisted of spills of up to 5.7 m 3 of liquid hydrogen (w402 kg), with spill durations of approximately 35 s. The validation work used results for test 6. These experiments have also been previously modelled [9,10].…”

CFD modeling and analysis of the influence factors of liquid hydrogen spills in open environment

“…Significant contributions are i n t e r n a t i o n a l j o u r n a l o f h y d r o g e n e n e r g y x x x ( 2 0 1 6 ) 1 e8 expected to be given by the heat conduction from the ground, the atmospheric convection, the radiation from the surrounding environment, and the thermal radiation from the flame if the gaseous hydrogen were burning. Previous studies have shown that more than 97% of the evaporation heat comes from the ground for the case without explosion or flame [16]. Thus, it is reasonable to make an assumption that the ground temperature has great influence on the evaporation of LH 2 .…”

“…The results showed that the ground-level cloud could travel approximately 50e100 m from the LH 2 source, and the cloud rising rate was approximately 0.5e1.0 m/s. In 1994, BAM (Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing, Germany) carried out a series of large-scale LH 2 spill experiments with the presence of buildings [15,16]. The hydrogen concentration changing over time around the buildings, as well as the ground's temperature changing over time was obtained.…”