Analysis of District Heating and Cooling Energy Systems in Spain: Resources, Technology and Management

Paredes-Sánchez, Beatriz M.; Paredes, José Pablo; Caparrini, Natalia; López, Eduardo

doi:10.3390/su13105442

Cited by 10 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 61 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Thus, one can conclude that technologies to convert district heating to cooling with parameters suitable for air conditioning systems have been proven and can be commercialized [9]. These technologies make it possible to realize polygeneration, i.e., simultaneous production of electricity, heat, cold, and other useful products such as desalinated fresh water, technical gases separated from air, or compressed gases.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Improving the efficiency of solar-driven trigeneration systems using nanofluid coolants

Alshuraiaan

2023

STET

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

This article is intended to evaluate methods to improve the efficiency of trigeneration plants, which are designed for the co-generation of heat, electricity, and cold. The possibility of using nanofluids with the addition of oxides of aluminum, silicon, magnesium, and copper, as well as copper itself in the concentration range of 1–6% has been analyzed. The results show that the use of nanofluids can increase the exergic efficiency of the system to 22.9–27.8% and increase thermal efficiency by 23.2–26.7%. It was found that nanofluids have low heat capacity, which may be one of the factors that increase the overall efficiency of trigeneration plants up to 43–60%. Magnesium oxide proved to be the most efficient for generating electricity, with 212.8 kW, aluminum oxide (197.5 kW) for cooling, and copper oxide for generating 98 kW of heat. The Pearson criterion was χ2 = 0.87, Student’s t-test 0.07–0.09, statistical significance of results p ≤ 0.005.

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Improving the efficiency of solar-driven trigeneration systems using nanofluid coolants

Alshuraiaan

2023

STET

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…In response to the Paris Agreement, much new research has discussed the optimal planning of a future energy system with improved energy efficiency based on sustainable energy resources. In the process of including sustainable energy resources and increasing energy efficiency, district heating (DH) was shown to have an important role to play in various countries/regions [2][3][4][5][6][7][8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The conclusion is drawn based on a typical German city. Berlin is thus used to estimate the coordinates;2 In this case, the optimal sizes for solar collector field and thermal storage are obtained per unit heat supply;3 The parameters from the minimum impact (environmentally optimal) solution are used; 4 N.A. means those values are not available/specified in the paper.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimal Planning of Future District Heating Systems—A Review

2022

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

This article provides the state-of-the-art on the optimal planning and design of future district heating (DH) systems. The purpose is to provide practical information of first-step actions for countries with a low DH market share for heating and cooling supply. Previous research showed that for those countries, establishing a heat atlas with accurate geographical data is an essential prerequisite to promote the development of DH systems. In this review, essential techniques for building a high-quality heat atlas are elaborated. This includes a review of methodologies for district thermal energy demand prediction and the status of the integration of sustainable resources in DH systems. In the meanwhile, technical barriers for the implementation of various sustainable heat sources are identified. Furthermore, technologies for the optimal planning of DH systems are discussed. This includes the review of current approaches for the optimal planning of DH systems, discussions on various novel configurations which have been actively investigated recently, and common upgrading measures for existing DH systems.

show abstract

“…District energy system is a sustainable strategy for integrating and balancing variable renewable energy sources. It integrates district heating and cooling with combined heat and power, thermal storage, and heat pumps in collaboration to achieve systematic resource conservation and sustainable development [1]. Centrifugal pumps are employed as core components in district energy systems to circulate fluids [2].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Many-Objective Hybrid Optimization Method for Impeller Profile Design of Low Specific Speed Centrifugal Pump in District Energy Systems

2021

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Low specific speed centrifugal pumps (LSSCP) are widely utilized in district energy systems to promote the integration of renewable energy. However, the performance of LSSCP becomes inefficient due to harsh operating conditions resulting in substantial increase in energy consumption. Many-objective optimization is significant in improving the performance of LSSCP and promoting the sustainability of district energy systems. Among the existing optimization methods, global optimization methods are limited by high computational cost when solving many-objective optimization problems, and gradient-based optimization methods face difficulties in locating the global optimum. In the present study, a hybrid optimization method was developed for solving many-objective optimization problems of LSSCP. The LSSCP optimization result of the hybrid algorithm was compared with that of the non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm (NSGA), so as to demonstrate the capacity of the proposed method. In the designed flow condition without cavitation, the hydraulic efficiency obtained by the hybrid optimization algorithm was found to be 9.5%, 5.4%, and 4.7% higher than those of the original, NSGA-II, and NSGA-III optimized results, respectively. The shaft power was 10.3%, 8.7% and 5.1% less than said three optimized results. The maximum turbulent kinetic energy in the flow passage obtained from the hybrid optimization was only 2.2 J/kg, which was 67% and 46% less than that of the NSGA-II and NSGA-III optimized results, respectively. In the designed flow condition with cavitation, the net positive suction head critical optimized by the hybrid model was 0.857 m, which was substantially reduced compared with the original and NSGA- II optimized results.

show abstract

Analysis of District Heating and Cooling Energy Systems in Spain: Resources, Technology and Management

Cited by 10 publications

References 61 publications

Improving the efficiency of solar-driven trigeneration systems using nanofluid coolants

Improving the efficiency of solar-driven trigeneration systems using nanofluid coolants

Optimal Planning of Future District Heating Systems—A Review

Many-Objective Hybrid Optimization Method for Impeller Profile Design of Low Specific Speed Centrifugal Pump in District Energy Systems

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About