Analysis of diversity in populations of plant pathogens: the barley powdery mildew pathogen across Europe

Müller, K.; McDermott, J. M.; Wolfe, Martin S.; Limpert, E.

doi:10.1007/bf01878133

Cited by 46 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…cations that concerned the characterization of processes related to pathogenesis or symbiosis: 45 publications for fungusplant pathosystems, 37 for bacterium-plant systems, 14 for rhizosphere systems, 13 for mycorrhizae, and the remainder for soils, foods, and food-processing factories. The objectives of these studies were, for example, to determine the similarity of populations of a given plant pathogen from different origins or the overall diversity within a specific group of a plant pathogen or food spoilage organism (11,16,32,51,62,121,142,152,189,221). We did not consider studies focused solely on molecular phylogenetics or on the diversity of specific alleles within pathogen or symbiont populations.…”

Section: Methods Used For Characterizing Biodiversitymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Alternatively, the investment in time and labor for multiple tests of hypotheses may have been prohibitive for some studies. For certain studies, such as those addressing changes in population structure or composition over decades (196) or across a wide range of geographic regions (189), multiple independent tests are virtually impossible or very impractical. However, for other types of studies, we could not identify what led to the publication of results of only a single experiment, a single sampling campaign, or a single set of strains.…”

Section: Measuring the Impact Of The Environment Space And Timementioning

confidence: 99%

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Microbial Biodiversity: Approaches to Experimental Design and Hypothesis Testing in Primary Scientific Literature from 1975 to 1999

Morris¹,

Bardin²,

Berge

et al. 2002

Microbiol Mol Biol Rev

104

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Research interest in microbial biodiversity over the past 25 years has increased markedly as microbiologists have become interested in the significance of biodiversity for ecological processes and as the industrial, medical, and agricultural applications of this diversity have evolved. One major challenge for studies of microbial habitats is how to account for the diversity of extremely large and heterogeneous populations with samples that represent only a very small fraction of these populations. This review presents an analysis of the way in which the field of microbial biodiversity has exploited sampling, experimental design, and the process of hypothesis testing to meet this challenge. This review is based on a systematic analysis of 753 publications randomly sampled from the primary scientific literature from 1975 to 1999 concerning the microbial biodiversity of eight habitats related to water, soil, plants, and food. These publications illustrate a dominant and growing interest in questions concerning the effect of specific environmental factors on microbial biodiversity, the spatial and temporal heterogeneity of this biodiversity, and quantitative measures of population structure for most of the habitats covered here. Nevertheless, our analysis reveals that descriptions of sampling strategies or other information concerning the representativeness of the sample are often missing from publications, that there is very limited use of statistical tests of hypotheses, and that only a very few publications report the results of multiple independent tests of hypotheses. Examples are cited of different approaches and constraints to experimental design and hypothesis testing in studies of microbial biodiversity. To prompt a more rigorous approach to unambiguous evaluation of the impact of microbial biodiversity on ecological processes, we present guidelines for reporting information about experimental design, sampling strategies, and analyses of results in publications concerning microbial biodiversity

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Section: Methods Used For Characterizing Biodiversitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Measuring the Impact Of The Environment Space And Timementioning

confidence: 99%

Microbial Biodiversity: Approaches to Experimental Design and Hypothesis Testing in Primary Scientific Literature from 1975 to 1999

Morris¹,

Bardin²,

Berge

et al. 2002

Microbiol Mol Biol Rev

104

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Then, number of isolates in each MCG also was summarized for both species in the three valleys. In addition to the number of MCGs, in-species MCG diversity, including Shannon's H, Simpson, and Berger-Parker indices (15,24), were determined in each valley for both species. The probability that samples from different valleys (two valleys for S. sclerotiorum and three valleys for S. minor) came from the same population was estimated with a bootstrap procedure (PAST, version 1.40) (13).…”

Section: Fieldmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analyses of Lettuce Drop Incidence and Population Structure ofSclerotinia sclerotiorumandS. minor

Wu¹,

Subbarao²

2006

Phytopathology®

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To understand the geographical distribution of lettuce drop incidence and the structure of Sclerotinia minor and S. sclerotiorum populations, commercial lettuce fields were surveyed in the Salinas, San Joaquin, and Santa Maria Valleys in California. Lettuce drop incidence, pathogen species, and mycelial compatibility groups (MCGs) were determined and analyzed using geostatistic and geographical information system tools. Lettuce drop incidence was lowest in the San Joaquin Valley, and not significantly different between the other two valleys. Semivariogram analysis revealed that lettuce drop incidence was not spatially correlated between different fields in the Salinas Valley, suggesting negligible fieldto-field spread or influence of inoculum in one field on other fields. Lettuce drop incidence was significantly lower in fields with a surface drip system than in fields with furrow or sprinkler irrigation systems, suggesting that the surface drip system can be a potential management measure for reducing lettuce drop. In the San Joaquin Valley, S. sclerotiorum was the prevalent species, causing drop in 63.5% of the fields, whereas S. minor also was identified in 25.4% of the fields. In contrast, in the Salinas Valley, S. minor was the dominant species (76.1%) whereas S sclerotiorum only observed in only 13.6% fields, in which only a few plants were infected by S. sclerotiorum. In the Santa Maria Valley, both species frequently were identified, with S. minor being slightly more common. Although many MCGs were identified in S. minor, most of them consisted of only one or two isolates. In all, ≈91.4% of the isolates belonged to four MCGs. Among them, MCG-1 was the most prevalent group in all three valleys, accounting for 49.8% of total isolates. It was distributed all over the surveyed areas, whereas other MCGs were distributed more or less locally. Populations of S. sclerotiorum exhibited greater diversity, with 89 isolates collected from the Salinas and San Joaquin Valleys belonging to 37 different MCGs. Among them, the most recurrent MCG-A contained 16 isolates, and 30 MCGs contained only 1 isolate each. Many MCGs occurred within only one or a part of the two valleys. Potential reasons for this abundant diversity are discussed.

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“…No surprisingly, VALÉRIO et al (2004) told that the total diversity values showed for all mixtures among different sorghum lineages, with different anthracnose resistance levels, did not supported pathogen populations phenotypically more diverse than that observed in their respective pure stands. Therefore, with rare exceptions (BROWNING & FREY, 1981;MULLER et al, 1996), the diversity degree maintained in a mixture seems to be positively related to the degree of control of disease supplied by a certain mixture (DILEONE & MUNDT, 1994). In a wider aspect, is that mixtures would select for the complex races frequency increase, that is, those with corresponding virulences to the more than a resistance gene in a mixture.…”

Section: Implications and Consequences Of The Use Of Mixturesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diversification of Host Plants as a Strategy in the Control of Plant Diseases

Valério¹,

Casela²

2017

ijSciences

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ABSTRACT:With the purpose of to avoid or to reduce some of those inherent problems to the agricultural systems based on monoculture, it should be introduced and handled the diversity in the best possible way. In a high level, the monoculture of species is difficult of being modified, at least in short space of time. At the level of the varieties of plants, the diversification is relatively easy of being handled, mainly in the mixture form of cultivars, varieties or hybrid (simple, double or triples) in the farmings. These mixtures can be produced in commercial scale, with excellent results in relation to most of the experimental scales, or for small producers at a low cost, seeking a good level of control of diseases and stability in the productivity. The composition of the mixtures can be modified transiently to delay or to reduce the selection of new races capable to overcome the resistances of more than one of the components of a mixture. The main disadvantage is that the quality of the mixtures cannot be acceptable for the final consumer of the product of these diversified farmings. However, mixtures of varieties, hybrid or of lineages, can significantly improve the control of some of the most common diseases disseminated by the air and for the water. For this reason, cultural practices more diversified are, consequently, recommended to complement the resistance of the hosts, in matter, in the Sorghum bicolor-Colletotrichum sublineolum pathosystem and to reduce the selection pressure in fields.

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Analysis of diversity in populations of plant pathogens: the barley powdery mildew pathogen across Europe

Cited by 46 publications

References 22 publications

Microbial Biodiversity: Approaches to Experimental Design and Hypothesis Testing in Primary Scientific Literature from 1975 to 1999

Microbial Biodiversity: Approaches to Experimental Design and Hypothesis Testing in Primary Scientific Literature from 1975 to 1999

Analyses of Lettuce Drop Incidence and Population Structure ofSclerotinia sclerotiorumandS. minor

Diversification of Host Plants as a Strategy in the Control of Plant Diseases

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