Analysis of fish for 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin by electron capture capillary gas chromatography

Survey of 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin in fish from the Great Lakes and selected Michigan rivers

“…By previous agreement, these samples were submitted to the authors' laboratory to be analyzed for TCDD. The method of analysis consisted of combinations and modifications of the procedures of Firestone (1977), Lamparski et al (1979), and Niemann et al (1983).…”

“…In 1981, the multidimensional cleanup procedure of Niemann et al (1983) was issued in draft form and was substituted for the Firestone procedure. The more rigorous cleanup provided by this methodology allowed for preliminary screening of the samples by HRGC-EC, followed by confirmation and quantitation by HRGC-MS for any sample showing a TCDD residue greater than ca.…”

“…10 ppt. The HRGC-MS confirmation/quantitation by multiple ion detection of 12 ions is described in Niemann et al (1983). Figure 1 shows the modified silica-supported acid cleanup column used.…”

Effects of Dietary Exposure to 2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin in Adult Female Mink ( Mustela vison )

“…The various toxicological manifestations of TCDD include ''wasting syndrome,'' teratogenicity, decreased reproductive performance, hepatomegaly, hormonal alterations, immune suppression, and carcinogenicity (Firestone 1978;Matsumura 1983;Nieman et al 1983;Ryan et al 1983;US EPA 1985;Hochstein et al 1988;ATSDR 1989). TCDD LD 50 values range from 0.6 µg/kg for the guinea pig to more than 5 mg/kg for the hamster (US EPA 1985).…”

“…Many species of fish from throughout the Great Lakes and Upper Mississippi watersheds have been found to contain parts per trillion quantities of this compound (Nieman et al 1983;Ryan et al 1983). Occupying a top position in the food chain, mink are naturally exposed to this environmental contaminant as it bioaccumulates through the food chain.…”