Analysis of Flow Field in Mechanical Aortic Bileaflet Heart Valves Using Finite Volume Method

Feng, Zhou; Cui, Yuan Yuan; Wu, Liang; Yang, Jie; Liu, Li; Maitz, Manfred F.; Brown, Ian; Huang, Nan

doi:10.1007/s40846-016-0106-3

Cited by 11 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…When hemoglobin is released into the blood stream it lowers the oxygen carrying capacity of the blood and, in levels that are too high, can be toxic to the body. Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) studies to simulate flow through prosthetic heart valves often cite blood damage as a motivation with little attention to predicting hemolysis [10][11][12][13].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Use of Computational Fluid Dynamics to Analyze Blood Flow, Hemolysis and Sublethal Damage to Red Blood Cells in a Bileaflet Artificial Heart Valve

James

Papavassiliou

O’Rear

2019

Fluids

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Artificial heart valves may expose blood to flow conditions that lead to unnaturally high stress and damage to blood cells as well as issues with thrombosis. The purpose of this research was to predict the trauma caused to red blood cells (RBCs), including hemolysis, from the stresses applied to them and their exposure time as determined by analysis of simulation results for blood flow through both a functioning and malfunctioning bileaflet artificial heart valve. The calculations provided the spatial distribution of the Kolmogorov length scales that were used to estimate the spatial and size distributions of the smallest turbulent flow eddies in the flow field. The number and surface area of these eddies in the blood were utilized to predict the amount of hemolysis experienced by RBCs. Results indicated that hemolysis levels are low while suggesting stresses at the leading edge of the leaflet may contribute to subhemolytic damage characterized by shortened circulatory lifetimes and reduced RBC deformability.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Use of Computational Fluid Dynamics to Analyze Blood Flow, Hemolysis and Sublethal Damage to Red Blood Cells in a Bileaflet Artificial Heart Valve

James

Papavassiliou

O’Rear

2019

Fluids

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“…From a fluid mechanics point‐of‐view, several studies have investigated the flow downstream of a BMHV under normal conditions . An excellent review can be found in .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental investigation of the flow downstream of a dysfunctional bileaflet mechanical aortic valve

et al. 2019

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Mechanical heart valve replacement is the preferred alternative in younger patients with severe symptomatic aortic valve disease. However, thrombus and pannus formations are common complications associated with bileaflet mechanical heart valves.This leads to risks of valve leaflet dysfunction, a life-threatening event. In this experimental study, we investigate, using time-resolved planar particle image velocimetry, the flow characteristics in the ascending aorta in the presence of a dysfunctional bileaflet mechanical heart valve. Several configurations of leaflet dysfunction are investigated and the induced flow disturbances in terms of velocity fields, viscous energy dissipation, wall shear stress, and accumulation of viscous shear stresses are evaluated. We also explore the ability of a new set of parameters, solely based on the analysis of the normalized axial velocity profiles in the ascending aorta, to detect bileaflet mechanical heart valve dysfunction and differentiate between the different configurations tested in this study. Our results show that a bileaflet mechanical heart valve dysfunction leads to a complex spectrum of flow disturbances with each flow characteristic evaluated having its own worst case scenario in terms of dysfunction configuration. We also show that the suggested approach based on the analysis of the normalized axial velocity profiles in the ascending aorta has the potential to clearly discriminate not only between normal and dysfunctional bilealfet heart valves but also between the different leaflet dysfunction configurations. This approach could be easily implemented using phase-contrast MRI to follow up patients with bileaflet mechanical heart valves. K E Y W O R D Sbileaflet mechanical heart valve, flow dynamics, shear stress accumulation, valve dysfunction, viscous energy dissipation E250 | DARWISH et Al.

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“…Ansys CFX commercial software based on finite volume method was used to run pulsatile flow simulations in this study. According to previous experimental results, especially in the studies of velocity and pressure distribution, blood flow was assumed incompressible, turbulent, and Newtonian [2,4].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Despite the widespread clinical use of mechanical valve replacements, the BMHVs are far from perfect. The major potential complications that remain as drawbacks to mechanical heart valves include hemolysis, damage of blood elements, and thrombosis, as a result of the high-velocity jet flow through the narrow passage between the leaflets [3,4]. Another noticeable phenomenon associated with mechanical valves is unsteady, blood flow-induced leaflet vibration, which leads to the complex interaction of flow dynamics and leaflet kinematics.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Numerical Analysis of Pressure Pulsation Characteristics Induced by Unsteady Blood Flow in a Bileaflet Mechanical Heart Valve

Liu

et al. 2019

Processes

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The leaflet vibration phenomenon in bileaflet mechanical heart valves (BMHVs) can cause complications such as hemolysis, leaflet damage, and valve fracture. One of the main reasons for leaflet vibration is the unsteady blood flow pressure pulsation induced by turbulent flow instabilities. In this study, we performed numerical simulations of unsteady flow through a BMHV and observed pressure pulsation characteristics under different flow rates and leaflet fully opening angle conditions. The pressure pulsation coefficient and the low-Reynolds k-ω model in CFD (Computational Fluid Dynamics) software were employed to solve these problems. Results showed that the level of pressure pulsation was highly influenced by velocity distribution, and that the higher coefficient of pressure pulsation was associated with the lower flow velocity along the main flow direction. The influence of pressure pulsation near the trailing edges was much larger than the data obtained near the leading edges of the leaflets. In addition, considering the level of pressure pulsation and the flow uniformity, the recommended setting of leaflet fully opening angle was about 80°.

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Analysis of Flow Field in Mechanical Aortic Bileaflet Heart Valves Using Finite Volume Method

Cited by 11 publications

References 29 publications

Use of Computational Fluid Dynamics to Analyze Blood Flow, Hemolysis and Sublethal Damage to Red Blood Cells in a Bileaflet Artificial Heart Valve

Use of Computational Fluid Dynamics to Analyze Blood Flow, Hemolysis and Sublethal Damage to Red Blood Cells in a Bileaflet Artificial Heart Valve

Experimental investigation of the flow downstream of a dysfunctional bileaflet mechanical aortic valve

A Numerical Analysis of Pressure Pulsation Characteristics Induced by Unsteady Blood Flow in a Bileaflet Mechanical Heart Valve

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