Analysis of gender effects on pain perception and symptom presentation in temporomandibular pain

Bush, Francis M.; Harkins, Stephen W.; Harrington, Walter G.; Price, Donald D.

doi:10.1016/0304-3959(93)90058-w

Cited by 165 publications

(79 citation statements)

References 46 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…As it is known that TMDs occur more frequently in women than man [38], this could be a possible confounding factor. However, we believe that the total amount of women in our study was too low to distort our results.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Long-term oral appliance therapy in obstructive sleep apnea syndrome: a controlled study on temporomandibular side effects

et al. 2011

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The objective of this study was to assess variations in the occurrence of temporomandibular disorders (TMDs) and the risk of developing pain and function impairment of the temporomandibular complex in obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) patients treated with either an oral appliance (mandibular advancement device) or continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) in a 2-year follow-up study. In addition, we assessed the relationship between the mean mandibular protrusion and the frequency of wearing the appliance during follow-up with the occurrence of pain and function impairment of the temporomandibular complex. Fifty-one patients were randomized to oral appliance therapy and 52 patients to CPAP therapy. TMDs (diagnosed according to the Axis I Research Diagnostic Criteria for TMD), pain intensity and disability and mandibular function impairment were recorded at baseline, after 2 months, 1 year and 2 years of therapy. Only in the initial period of treatment the occurrence of pain-related TMDs was considerably higher (24%) in the oral appliance group compared to CPAP (6%). Oral appliance therapy furthermore resulted in more temporomandibular pain compared to CPAP (odds ratio 2.33, 95% confidence interval (1.22-4.43)). However, there were no limitations in mandibular function in both groups during the (entire) follow-up period. Although generally not serious and of transient nature, oral appliance therapy results in more pain-related TMDs in the initial period of use compared with CPAP therapy. Oral appliance therapy is associated with increased pain in the temporomandibular complex in the initial period of use. Because of the transient nature, this pain is not a reason to contra-indicate an oral appliance in OSAS patients. Moreover, TMDs and the risk of developing pain and function impairment of the temporomandibular complex appear limited with long-term oral appliance use.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Long-term oral appliance therapy in obstructive sleep apnea syndrome: a controlled study on temporomandibular side effects

et al. 2011

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Seven studies found no effect or interaction for sex of the experimenter on the response to noxious stimuli of male and female participants (Otto and Dougher 1985;Bush et al, 1993;Essick et al, 2004;Thorn et al, 2004;. In two studies that manipulated the experimental environment by asking experimenters to dress in a manner that emphasized their gender roles, male participants who were tested by a female investigator reported significantly lower pain ratings (Levine and De Simone, 1991) and higher pain thresholds (Gijsbers and Nicholson, 2005) compared with men who were tested by an investigator of the same sex.…”

Section: The Effect Of the Sex Of The Experimenter On Pain Responsesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gender role affects experimental pain responses: A systematic review with meta‐analysis

Alabas

Tashani

Tabasam

et al. 2012

European Journal of Pain

172

123

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Gender role refers to the culturally and socially constructed meanings that describe how women and men should behave in certain situations according to feminine and masculine roles learned throughout life. The aim of this meta-analysis was to evaluate the relationship between gender role and experimental pain responses in healthy human participants. We searched computerized databases for studies published between January 1950 and May 2011 that had measured gender role in healthy human adults and pain response to noxious stimuli. Studies were entered into a meta-analysis if they calculated a correlation coefficient (r) for gender role and experimental pain. Searches yielded 4465 'hits' and 13 studies were eligible for review. Sample sizes were 67-235 participants and the proportion of female participants was 45-67%. Eight types of gender role instrument were used. Meta-analysis of six studies (406 men and 539 women) found a significant positive correlation between masculine and feminine personality traits and pain threshold and tolerance, with a small effect size (r = 0.17, p = 0.01). Meta-analysis of four studies (263 men and 297 women) found a significant negative correlation between gender stereotypes specific to pain and pain threshold and tolerance, with a moderate effect size (r = -0.41, p < 0.001). In conclusion, individuals who considered themselves more masculine and less sensitive to pain than the typical man showed higher pain thresholds and tolerances. Gender stereotypes specific to pain scales showed stronger associations with sex differences in pain sensitivity response than masculine and feminine personality trait scales.

show abstract

“…Women in the community report higher pain levels on average than men, which may explain the increased female-to-male ratio in clinical settings. In contrast, pain characteristics of men and women in treatment settings may not differ greatly [28,166]. Studies of community populations are needed to tease apart sex/ gender-related risk factors for pain vs. treatment seeking.…”

Section: 111mentioning

confidence: 99%

Studying sex and gender differences in pain and analgesia: A consensus report

Greenspan

Craft

LeResche

et al. 2007

Pain

871

633

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

In September 2006, members of the Sex, Gender and Pain Special Interest Group of the International Association for the Study of Pain met to discuss the following: (1) what is known about sex and gender differences in pain and analgesia; (2) what are the "best practice" guidelines for pain research with respect to sex and gender; and (3) what are the crucial questions to address in the near future? The resulting consensus presented herein includes input from basic science, clinical and psychosocial pain researchers, as well as from recognized experts in sexual differentiation and reproductive endocrinology. We intend this document to serve as a utilitarian and thought-provoking guide for future research on sex and gender differences in pain and analgesia, both for those currently working in this field as well as those still wondering, "Do I really need to study females?" Keywords Sex differences; Gonadal hormones; Estrogens The case for studying sex and gender differences in pain and analgesiaThe pain field has moved from debating whether sex differences in pain exist to recognizing the importance of these differences. Attention is now directed toward understanding (1) what conditions lead to the expression of sex and gender differences in pain experience and reactivity, (2) what mechanisms underlie these differences, and (3) how these differences can inform clinical management of pain.As noted in a recent review, at least 79% of animal studies published in Pain over the preceding 10 years included male subjects only, with a mere 8% of studies on females only, and another 4% explicitly designed to test for sex differences (the rest did not specify) [142]. Given the substantially greater prevalence of many clinical pain conditions in women vs. men [20,199], and growing evidence for sex differences in sensitivity to experimental pain and to analgesics [21,41,213], we recommend that all pain researchers consider testing their hypotheses in both sexes, or if restricted by practical considerations, only in females. It is invalid to assume that data obtained in male subjects will generalize to females, and the best non-human model of the modal human pain sufferer -a woman -is a female animal. If only males are examined in a given study, it is important that a rationale for exclusion of females be provided and that the potential limitation in generalizability of the findings be addressed in the discussion, particularly when examining a pain phenomenon that occurs with greater prevalence or severity in females. In both preclinical and clinical studies, a comparison of both sexes will further our understanding of individual differences in sensitivity to pain and analgesia, thus improving our ability to treat and prevent pain in all people. General considerationsTwo issues of terminology are important. First, the term "sex" refers to biologically based differences, while the term "gender" refers to socially based phenomena. Although biological sex exerts a major influence on one's gender identity, sex and gender a...

show abstract

Analysis of gender effects on pain perception and symptom presentation in temporomandibular pain

Cited by 165 publications

References 46 publications

Long-term oral appliance therapy in obstructive sleep apnea syndrome: a controlled study on temporomandibular side effects

Long-term oral appliance therapy in obstructive sleep apnea syndrome: a controlled study on temporomandibular side effects

Gender role affects experimental pain responses: A systematic review with meta‐analysis

Studying sex and gender differences in pain and analgesia: A consensus report

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About