Analysis of heterocyclic amines in food products: interlaboratory studies

Santos, F.J.; Barceló-Barrachina, E.; Toribio, F.; Puignou, L.; Galcerán, M.T.; Persson, Elna; Skog, Kerstin; Messner, Claudia; Murkovic, Michaël; Nabinger, U.; Ristić, Andjelka

doi:10.1016/j.jchromb.2003.09.030

Cited by 54 publications

(47 citation statements)

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“…The complexity of the matrix made standard addition calibration necessary to obtain reliable results. Using high-performance liquid chromatography coupled to ultraviolet detection or mass spectrometry, the standard deviation was generally below 10% and this is in agreement with results from other laboratories 33 . Analytical data on the content of MeIQx, PhIP and DiMeIQx (2-amino-3,4,8-trimethylimidazo [4,5-f ] quinoxaline) in samples cooked at 175 or 2008C were used in this study.…”

Section: Dietary Datasupporting

confidence: 90%

Dietary intake of heterocyclic amines in relation to socio-economic, lifestyle and other dietary factors: estimates in a Swedish population

Ericson

Wirfält

Mattisson

et al. 2007

Public Health Nutr.

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Objectives: To estimate the dietary intakes of heterocyclic amines (HCAs), to examine the intakes in relation to socio-economics, lifestyle and other dietary factors and to compare the classification of subjects by intake of HCA versus intake of meat and fish. Design: Cross-sectional analysis within the Malmö Diet and Cancer (MDC) cohort. Data were obtained from a modified diet history, a structured questionnaire on socioeconomics and lifestyle, anthropometric measurements and chemical analysis of HCAs. HCA intake was cross-classified against meat and fish intake. The likelihood of being a high consumer of HCAs was estimated by logistic regression analysis. Dietary intakes were examined across quintiles of HCA intake using analysis of variance. Setting: Baseline examinations conducted in 1991-1994 in Malmö, Sweden. Subjects: A sub-sample of 8599 women and 6575 men of the MDC cohort. Results: The mean daily HCA intake was 583 ng for women and 821 ng for men. Subjects were ranked differently with respect to HCA intake compared with intake of fried and baked meat and fish (k ¼ 0.13). High HCA intake was significantly associated with lower age, overweight, sedentary lifestyle and smoking. Intakes of dietary fibre, fruits and fermented milk products were negatively associated with HCA intake, while intakes of selenium, vegetables, potatoes, alcohol (among men) and non-milk-based margarines (among women) were positively associated with HCA intake. Conclusions: The estimated daily HCA intake of 690 ng is similar to values obtained elsewhere. The present study suggests that lifestyle factors (e.g. smoking, physical activity, fruit and vegetable intakes, and types of milk products and margarines) may confound associations between HCA intake and disease. The poor correlation between HCA intake and intakes of fried meat and fish facilitates an isolation of the health effects of HCAs. Keywords Heterocyclic aminesSocio-economics Lifestyle Nutrients Foods Cohort study Epidemiological studies have indicated that diet is an important factor in the global variation of human cancer rates and the importance of dietary components for cancer development has been generally accepted. Doll and Peto estimated in 1981 that 10 -70% of all cancer in the USA could be related to diet 1 . The mutagenic/carcinogenic heterocyclic amines (HCAs) in cooked foods have been discussed in the aetiology of human cancer 2 . The first report on high mutagenic activity in cooked meat appeared almost 30 years ago 3,4 ; since then much research has been devoted to studying various aspects of HCAs, such as their formation, occurrence in foods, levels of exposure, metabolism, dietary factors that influence their uptake and biotransformation, and hereditary factors that influence the metabolism of these dietary carcinogens 5 .The molecular structures of two of the most abundant HCAs,quinoxaline) and PhIP (2-amino-1-methyl-6-phenylimidazo [4,5-b ]pyridine), are shown in Fig. 1.HCAs are absorbed and metabolised by humans; urinary metabolites of HCAs have...

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Section: Dietary Datasupporting

confidence: 90%

Dietary intake of heterocyclic amines in relation to socio-economic, lifestyle and other dietary factors: estimates in a Swedish population

Ericson

Wirfält

Mattisson

et al. 2007

Public Health Nutr.

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“…Thus, in the next set of experiments, the samples were analyzed using HPLC (Spectra-Physics P2000; San JosØ, CA, USA) combined with a mass spectrometer (LCQ DECA ion-trap; ThermoFinnigan, San JosØ, CA, USA) as earlier described [26]. This method was also used in an intercalibration study on determination of HAs in food products [27]. The chromatographic conditions were: solvent A -water (pH adjusted to 3.5 with acetic acid)/acetonitrile, 95/5, and solvent Bwater (pH adjusted to 3.5 with acetic acid)/acetonitrile, 5/95.…”

Section: Identification and Quantification Of Hasmentioning

confidence: 99%

Heterocyclic amines in some Swedish cooked foods industrially prepared or from fast food outlets and restaurants

Borgen

Skog²

2004

Molecular Nutrition Food Res

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Accurate assessment of human intake of mutagenic/carcinogenic heterocyclic amines (HAs) is necessary for epidemiological studies and future risk assessment. Using questionnaires, the frequency of consumption of specific dishes can be obtained at an individual level and linked to analyzed concentrations of different compounds in corresponding dishes. Some typical Swedish cooked meat dishes, hamburgers and kebab, industrially prepared or from fast food outlets and restaurants, were analyzed regarding their content of 11 different HAs. The amount of each of these compounds was below 0.1 ng/g cooked weight in most of the industrially prepared products. The total amount of HAs was highest in the kebab samples. The intake of HAs from 200 g of the dishes was estimated to range from not detectable levels to 0.6 microg. The results of the present study indicate that the content of HAs in a specific dish may vary with origin, and that the concentrations of HAs in commercial fried meat products are generally low, although some of these food items may contain elevated amounts.

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“…In addition, SFE method offers advantages in eliminating the extensive clean-up process of extracts prior to the analyses, reducing the sample manipulation, costs and total extraction time (by nearly two-fold when compared with pressurized liquid extraction [41] and eight-fold compared to the conventional SPE technique [46]). The key role of the extractor is evident from different points of view: simplification and automation of the sample treatment with the possibility to include two sequential steps (clean-up of the sample and selective extraction of the analytes) by changing the carrier stream passing through the sample.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Simultaneous determination of six non‐polar heterocyclic amines in meat samples by supercritical fluid extraction–capillary electrophoresis under fluorimetric detection

et al. 2010

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A novel, sensitive and selective method for the separation and quantification of a group of non-polar heterocyclic amines (9H-pyrido-[3,4-b] indole, norharmane; 1-methyl-9H-pyrido-[3,4-b] indole, harmane; 2-amino-9H-pyrido-[2,3-b] indole, AalphaC; 2-amino-3-methyl-9H-pyrido-[2,3-b] indole, MeAalphaC; 3-amino-1,4-dimethyl-5H-pyrido-[4,3-b] indole, Trp-P-1 and 3-amino-1-methyl-5H-pyrido-[4,3-b] indole, Trp-P-2) in commercial meat samples has been developed. This methodology is faster than others previously described. The method is based on the combination of a supercritical fluid extraction procedure, followed by the analysis of the extracted plug by CE with fluorescence detection. The supercritical fluid extraction procedure was optimized for the clean-up of the samples and the extraction of the analytes. For the electrophoretic separation, the effect of composition, pH and concentration of buffer, organic modifier content, pressure and time of injection, capillary temperature and voltage applied were studied. A 10 mmol/L formic acid-ammonium formate-ACN (10%, v/v) solution at pH 1.5 was selected as the running electrolyte. With 5-s hydrodynamic injection, linear responses in the range from 100 to 1000 ng/mL and detection limits ranging from 15.9 to 28.1 ng/mL were obtained for different amines in less than 13 min. ACN-water (1:1 in volume) was used as a sample solvent. Fluorescence detection enhances the sensitivity and avoids interferences coming from non-fluorescent compounds present in the matrices of the sample extracts.

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Analysis of heterocyclic amines in food products: interlaboratory studies

Cited by 54 publications

References 20 publications

Dietary intake of heterocyclic amines in relation to socio-economic, lifestyle and other dietary factors: estimates in a Swedish population

Dietary intake of heterocyclic amines in relation to socio-economic, lifestyle and other dietary factors: estimates in a Swedish population

Heterocyclic amines in some Swedish cooked foods industrially prepared or from fast food outlets and restaurants

Simultaneous determination of six non‐polar heterocyclic amines in meat samples by supercritical fluid extraction–capillary electrophoresis under fluorimetric detection

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