Analysis of human perception of facial skin radiance by means of image histogram parameters of surface and subsurface reflections from the skin

Matsubara, Akira; Liang, Zhiwu; Sato, Yuji; Uchikawa, Keiji

doi:10.1111/j.1600-0846.2011.00570.x

Cited by 33 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…According to the multiple regression equation, uniformity in skin color, skin lightness, and skewness in skin yellowness significantly affected the participants’ perceived age, and the most important variable was the uniformity of skin yellowness. The skewness of the skin's reflectance is related to the perceived gloss or radiance of the skin's surface . According to Arce‐Lopera et al, the skewness of skin color correlated with perceived age, and high‐order luminance statistics can affect the perceived age in young people.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An evaluation of the effects of makeup on perceived age based on skin color in Korean women

Lee

Han

Kim

2018

J of Cosmetic Dermatology

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Summary Background Makeup has been shown to increase women's attractiveness, perceived femininity, and self‐confidence and reduce their perceived age. Some of these results were caused by facial contrast and visible skin color. However, they did not investigate makeup benefit by focusing skin color change. Objectives We investigated the benefit of makeup in reducing perceived age by focusing on only skin color, based on the age‐related changes in several skin color parameters (mean, standard deviation, skewness, and kurtosis), and attempted to discover the indications for youthful‐looking skin color. Methods A total of 174 Korean women aged 20‐69 years participated in this study. Their digital facial images were cropped on the cheek area, standard Red green Blue data were transformed to Quasi‐L*a*b*, and the statistical parameters of individual Quasi‐L*a*b* data were calculated. Fourteen volunteers aged 30‐45 years wore liquid‐type makeup. The perceived age was assessed by 11 clinical evaluation researchers with a LCD monitor. The statistical analysis was performed using SPSS version 23.0, with a significance level of P < 0.05. Results According to a multiple regression analysis, unevenness in skin color, skin lightness, and skewness in skin yellowness significantly affected the participants’ perceived age; the most important factor was the unevenness in skin yellowness in Korean women. The evaluated and calculated with the regression equation perceived age were decreased after makeup was applied. Conclusions The makeup can reduce women's perceived age by correcting the skin's color, and it can show youthful skin properties such as a lighter and more homogenous color with less chroma.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An evaluation of the effects of makeup on perceived age based on skin color in Korean women

Lee

Han

Kim

2018

J of Cosmetic Dermatology

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“…Image analysis is a widely used method in beauty industry to study facial features and evaluate efficacy of skin care and cosmetic products. It has been applied in wide range of research including measurements of wrinkles, hyperpigmentation, distribution of skin chromophores, skin firmness, and radiance . With the rapid advancement of digital camera sensors over the last decades, 2D surface imaging became more popular in cosmetic science and dermatology research due to (a) high‐quality signal which can be analyzed in numerous ways, (b) operational convenience, and (c) affordability.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

New image analysis tool for facial pore characterization and assessment

Dissanayake¹,

Miyamoto²,

Purwar³

et al. 2019

Skin Research and Technology

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Background Visible facial pores are an important cosmetic concern especially among young females. Number of different methodologies is used today to assess facial pores and efficacy of technologies. Main limitations of these methods are, however, (a) moderate correlation with visual perception, (b) characterization is mostly limited to size or number of pores, (c) measurement is limited to a smaller area of face, and (d) operational difficulties. In order to address these limitations, we developed a 2D image analysis tool to assess and characterize visible facial pores. Materials and Methods Two clinical studies were conducted with northeast Asian skin type females. In the first study, 40 subjects age between 20 and 40 with different degree of pore severity were recruited. In the second study, 15 subjects age between 20 and 40 with enlarged pores were recruited to evaluate pore product efficacy. In both studies, full face images were taken using Visia‐CR and assessed by means of the newly developed tool and visual grading. Results A high correlation between visual grading and pore size was obtained (r = 0.86). New methodology was able to differentiate products similar to visual grading. Conclusion Novel pore image analysis method using 2D skin surface imaging with standard photography has been developed and validated. In addition to pore size measurements, we propose this method to be used to measure pore shape, color, and orientation for a comprehensive characterization of facial pores.

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“…6) Also, recent research has applied this technique to investigate complex visual skin attributes such as the perception of skin radiance. 7) Herein, we investigated the contribution to age perception of both diffuse and specular reflection components of the skin. The aim of the present study is to clarify the independent contribution of both reflection components to the skin age perception.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of diffuse and specular reflections on the perceived age of facial skin

Arce-Lopera

Igarashi

Nakao

et al. 2012

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Age perception is a better biomarker of skin aging than chronological age. However, the optical cues that determine the perception of human skin age are difficult to assess given the complex interactions between light and the multi layered structure of the skin. The aim of the present study is to clarify the independent contribution of both diffuse and specular reflection components to the skin age perception. First, according to our results, subjects were able to estimate the age of skin only by using the diffuse reflection component. Moreover, we showed that inclusion of the specular reflection component added on average 5 years to their age estimation. Second, by artificially manipulating the specular component, we concluded that the luminance distribution affects the perceived age of the skin.

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Analysis of human perception of facial skin radiance by means of image histogram parameters of surface and subsurface reflections from the skin

Abstract: To acquire skin radiance, a surface reflection component that makes the skin look shiny and a subsurface reflection component that is in line with skin fairness are both needed. A balance of these features provides the origin of skin radiance.

Cited by 33 publications

References 6 publications

An evaluation of the effects of makeup on perceived age based on skin color in Korean women

An evaluation of the effects of makeup on perceived age based on skin color in Korean women

New image analysis tool for facial pore characterization and assessment

Effects of diffuse and specular reflections on the perceived age of facial skin

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