Analysis of Isoaccepting Transfer Ribonucleic Acid Species of Bacillus subtilis: Changes in Chromatography of Transfer Ribonucleic Acids Associated with Stage of Development

Abstract

Changes in chromatographic profiles of tyrosyl-, leucyl-, tryptophanyl-, and lysyl-transfer ribonucleic acids (tRNAs) are presented as a function of the growth stage in Bacillus subtilis. All of the tRNA groups investigated expressed different temporal pattems of change in isoaccepting species. Tyrosyl-tRNAs were the earliest to change and were followed by changes in leucyland then tryptophanyl-tRNAs. Lysyl-tRNAs were unique in having two times of change: one early and one very late. As an aid in understanding the temporal aspect of tRNA alterations during sporulation, the chromatographic profiles of aminoacyl tRNAs from an early blocked asporogenous mutant were studied. The asporogenous mutant used was blocked at the axial filament stage, stage 0 of sporulation. Nevertheless, those tRNAs which showed differences between the spore and cells in exponential growth exhibited similar changes in the asporogenous mutant after 24 h of growth. The data suggest that several tRNA changes occur during development in B. subtilis but that the events leading to these changes are either independent of, or occur before, stage 0 of sporulation, except in the case of lysyl-tRNA.

Post-Transcriptional Modifications of the Anticodon Loop Region: Alterations in Isoaccepting Species of tRNA's During Development in Bacillus subtilis

“…In previous studies, we described chromatographic alterations in 10 groups of isoaccepting species of tRNA that occurred during development in B. subtilis, and we established the temporal pattern of the alterations for lysyl-, tyrosyl-, tryptophanyl-, and leucyl-tRNA's (28). The differences in their temporal expression implied a difference in the mechanisms that regulated the changes.…”

Study of tyrosine transfer ribonucleic acid modification in relation to sporulation in Bacillus subtilis

“…By analyzing chromatographic elution profiles of aminoacyl-tRNA's from exponentially growing cells and spores, Vold (32) found changes in 10 isoaccepting groups. For three groups (tyrosyl-, leucyl-, and tryptophanyl-tRNA's), a transition in the relative amounts of isoaccepting species was shown to occur at the onset of stationary phase (33) and might, therefore, be related to the commitment to sporulation. B.…”

Properties and Developmental Roles of the Lysyl- and Tryptophanyl-Transfer Ribonucleic Acid Synthetases of Bacillus subtilis : Common Genetic Origin of the Corresponding Spore and Vegetative Enzymes

“…(ii) L-Lysine and its immediate precursor, meso-diaminopimelic acid are major constituents of the spore coat and spore cortex (34,37). (iii) The tRNAlYs iso-accepting species undergo both quantitative and qualitative changes at specific times during sporogenesis (18,43,44). Although some asporogenic mutants do not show these changes, others are blocked in these events (19,44).…”

“…(iii) The tRNAlYs iso-accepting species undergo both quantitative and qualitative changes at specific times during sporogenesis (18,43,44). Although some asporogenic mutants do not show these changes, others are blocked in these events (19,44). In the case of TRS, (i) there is only one tRNAtrP species in vegetative cells, but a second is found in dormant spores (43); (ii) tryptophan deprivation after the completion of vegetative growth completely inhibits sporulation in a tryptophan auxotroph (4) and, therefore, it represents an amino acid which is required in amounts above that which a cell can supply itself through protein turnover.…”