Analysis of medicinal and therapeutic potential of <i>Withania somnifera</i> derivatives against COVID-19

Geshlaghi, Saman Zare; Nakhaei, Ebrahim; Ebrahimi, Ali; Jafari, Majid; Shahraki, Asiyeh; Rezazadeh, Shiva; Saberinasab, Erfan; Nowroozi, Alireza; Hosseini, Seyede Samira

doi:10.1080/07391102.2022.2112977

Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 56 publications

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“…Among these some are recognized to have immunomodulatory potential. Some of these immunoboosting phytocompounds from Withania somnifera have been evaluated against SARS-CoV-2 and many have been found to be effective against the deadly virus [45][46][47][48][49][50][51][52][53][54][55][56][57][58][59] .…”

Section: Phytocompunds With Immunomodulatory Potentials From Aswagand...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Immunomodulatory Phytocompounds from Withania somnifera (L.) Dunal (Ashwagandha) Against COVID-19

Singha,

Ghosh,

Ghosh

2024

Trends Immunother.

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Withania somnifera is a famous medicinal plant. It is popularly known as Aswagandha. This plant has been in use in Ayurveda and Unani medicine for ages. The medicinal plant has immense medicinal properties. The plant is rich in potent medicinal phytocompounds. These phytocompounds are known to have potent antioxidant, antiviral, antibacterial and immunomodulatory efficacies. Our immune system is the key player in n fighting back any kind of pathogeni attack on us. Withania somnifera extract and certain isolated phytocompounds from the plant are known to boost our immune system. Studies show that the mechanisms of immunomodulatory actions of the bioactive phytocompounds from Withania somnifera are by affecting the various cellular signaling pathways. These primarily involve the signaling pathways associated with the receptors present on the vital immune cells like the dendritic cells, T-cells and B-cells. Thus, some of the compounds of Withania suppress or activate certain components of the innate and adaptive immune system. Unlike synthetic adjuvants, the natural plant derived phytocompounds and their derivatives, as those from the Withania sp. are free from such risk factors. A strong immune system is the best possession to fight back invasions by microbes like bacteria and viruses like the SARS-CoV-2. Detailed and compact knowledge of the compounds from Withania sp. and their mechanism of modulating and impacting our immune system may make the ways for development of new supportive therapies against almost all different types of diseases including COVID 19.

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Section: Phytocompunds With Immunomodulatory Potentials From Aswagand...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Immunomodulatory Phytocompounds from Withania somnifera (L.) Dunal (Ashwagandha) Against COVID-19

Singha,

Ghosh,

Ghosh

2024

Trends Immunother.

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Anti-COVID-19 Potential of Withaferin-A and Caffeic Acid Phenethyl Ester

Kumar,

Sari,

Gupta

et al. 2024

CTMC

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Background: The recent COVID-19 (coronavirus disease 2019) pandemic triggered research on the development of new vaccines/drugs, repurposing of clinically approved drugs, and assessment of natural anti-COVID-19 compounds. Based on the gender difference in the severity of the disease, such as a higher number of men hospitalized and in intense care units, variations in sex hormones have been predicted to play a role in disease susceptibility. Cell surface receptors (Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2; ACE2 and a connected transmembrane protease serine 2- TMPSS2) are upregulated by androgens. Conversely, androgen antagonists have also been shown to lower ACE2 levels, implying their usefulness in COVID-19 management. Objective: In this study, we performed computational and cell-based assays to investigate the anti-- COVID-19 potential of Withaferin-A and Caffeic acid phenethyl ester, natural compounds from Withania somnifera and honeybee propolis, respectively. Methods: Structure-based computational approach was adopted to predict binding stability, interactions, and dynamics of the two test compounds to three target proteins (androgen receptor, ACE2, and TMPRSS2). Further, in vitro, cell-based experimental approaches were used to investigate the effect of compounds on target protein expression and SARS-CoV-2 replication. Results: Computation and experimental analyses revealed that (i) CAPE, but not Wi-A, can act as androgen antagonist and hence inhibit the transcriptional activation function of androgen receptor, (ii) while both Wi-A and CAPE could interact with ACE2 and TMPRSS2, Wi-A showed higher binding affinity, and (iii) combination of Wi-A and CAPE (Wi-ACAPE) caused strong downregulation of ACE2 and TMPRSS2 expression and inhibition of virus infection. Conclusion: Wi-A and CAPE possess multimodal anti-COVID-19 potential, and their combination (Wi-ACAPE) is expected to provide better activity and hence warrant further attention in the laboratory and clinic.

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The Inhibitory Effects of the Herbals Secondary Metabolites (7α-acetoxyroyleanone, Curzerene, Incensole, Harmaline, and Cannabidiol) on COVID-19: A Molecular Docking Study

Zargari,

Mohammadi,

Nowroozi

et al. 2024

BIOT

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Background: Since the COVID-19 outbreak in early 2020, researchers and studies are continuing to find drugs and/or vaccines against the disease. As shown before, medicinal plants can be very good sources against viruses because of their secondary compounds which may cure diseases and help in survival of patients. Aims: In the present study, we test and suggest the inhibitory potential of five herbal based extracts including 7α-acetoxyroyleanone, Curzerene, Incensole, Harmaline, and Cannabidiol with antivirus activity on the models of the significant antiviral targets for COVID-19 like spike glycoprotein, Papain-like protease (PLpro), non-structural protein 15 (NSP15), RNA-dependent RNA polymerase and core protease by molecular docking study. Methods: The Salvia rythida root was extracted, dried, and pulverized by a milling machine. The aqueous phase and the dichloromethane phase of the root extractive were separated by two-phase extraction using a separatory funnel. The separation was performed using the column chromatography method. The model of the important antivirus drug target of COVID-19 was obtained from the Protein Data Bank (PDB) and modified. TO study the binding difference between the studied molecules, the docking study was performed. Result: These herbal compounds are extracted from Salvia rhytidea, Curcuma zeodaria, Frankincense, Peganum harmala, and Cannabis herbs, respectively. The binding energies of all compounds on COVID-19 main targets are located in the limited area of 2.22-5.30 kcal/mol. This range of binding energies can support our hypothesis for the presence of the inhibitory effects of the secondary metabolites of mentioned structures on COVID-19. Generally, among the investigated herbal structures, Cannabidiol and 7αacetoxyroyleanone compounds with the highest binding energy have the most inhibitory potential. The least inhibitory effects are related to the Curzerene and Incensole structures by the lowest binding affinity Conclusion: The general arrangement of the basis of the potential barrier of binding energies is in the order below: Cannabidiol > 7α-acetoxyroyleanone > Harmaline> Incensole > Curzerene. Finally, the range of docking scores for investigated herbal compounds on the mentioned targets indicates that the probably inhibitory effects on these targets obey the following order: main protease> RNA-dependent RNA polymerase> PLpro> NSP15> spike glycoprotein.

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Analysis of medicinal and therapeutic potential of Withania somnifera derivatives against COVID-19

Cited by 3 publications

References 56 publications

Immunomodulatory Phytocompounds from Withania somnifera (L.) Dunal (Ashwagandha) Against COVID-19

Immunomodulatory Phytocompounds from Withania somnifera (L.) Dunal (Ashwagandha) Against COVID-19

Anti-COVID-19 Potential of Withaferin-A and Caffeic Acid Phenethyl Ester

The Inhibitory Effects of the Herbals Secondary Metabolites (7α-acetoxyroyleanone, Curzerene, Incensole, Harmaline, and Cannabidiol) on COVID-19: A Molecular Docking Study

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