Analysis of mercerization process based on the intensity change of deconvoluted resonances of 13C CP/MAS NMR: Cellulose mercerized under cooling and non-cooling conditions

Miura, Kento; Nakano, Takato

doi:10.1016/j.msec.2015.04.006

Cited by 10 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…B0, B101.5 and B201.5 displayed a sharp peak and B2010 had a shoulder signal. According to the previous study, the C1 peak that responded to glycosidic linkage conformations along the molecular chain was a sharp singlet for cellulose I and a doublet for cellulose II (Kamide et al, 1985;Miura & Nakano, 2015;Newman, Davies, & Harris, 1996). Therefore, B0, B101.5 and B201.5 had the feature of cellulose I and B2010 possessed the characteristics of cellulose II.…”

Section: Lignin Content Composition and Cellulose Crystallinity Indementioning

confidence: 83%

“…It was reported that a signal at 65 ppm and an upfield shoulder near 63 ppm described the characteristic of cellulose I; whereas cellulose II possessed a broad peak at 63 ppm (Kamide, Kowsaka, & Okajima, 1985;Miura & Nakano, 2015;Zuckerstätter, Terinte, Sixta, & Schuster, 2013). In Fig.…”

Section: Lignin Content Composition and Cellulose Crystallinity Indementioning

confidence: 91%

“…In addition, the effect of the NaOH and NaClO 2 treatments on crystal forms of cellulose I, II, and cellulose hybrids were studied. The signals occurring at 105.2 ppm (C1), 65.0 ppm and 63.0 ppm (C6) implied the cellulose I structure of B101.5s, whereas a broad peak around 63.0 ppm (C6) and two sharp resonances at 105.2 and 107.4 ppm indicated the characteristics of cellulose II (Kamide et al, 1985;Miura & Nakano, 2015). Although B201.5s and B2010s possessed the peaks at 63.0 and 105.2 ppm, the missing resonances at 65.0 and 107.4 ppm suggested that these two samples were cellulose I/II hybrids.…”

Section: Lignin Content Composition and Cellulose Crystallinity Indementioning

confidence: 98%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Characterization of cellulose I/II hybrid fibers isolated from energycane bagasse during the delignification process: Morphology, crystallinity and percentage estimation

Yue

Han

et al. 2015

Carbohydrate Polymers

136

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Section: Lignin Content Composition and Cellulose Crystallinity Indementioning

confidence: 83%

Section: Lignin Content Composition and Cellulose Crystallinity Indementioning

confidence: 91%

Section: Lignin Content Composition and Cellulose Crystallinity Indementioning

confidence: 98%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Characterization of cellulose I/II hybrid fibers isolated from energycane bagasse during the delignification process: Morphology, crystallinity and percentage estimation

Yue

Han

et al. 2015

Carbohydrate Polymers

136

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“…C4 and C6 in the lower shift range imply amorphous regions in mNFC. The presence of a shoulder peak near 62.3 ppm is characteristic for cellulose I, whereas cellulose II retains broader peaks in the C6 region. − The mechanically ground gmNFC exhibited the analogous resonance signal to mNFC with the similar peak sharpness. For the LNFC system, the resonance signal related to the aromatic groups of lignin and hemicellulose were observed in the spectra of Figure c.…”

Section: Results and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Rheological Properties of Lignocellulosic Nanomaterial Aqueous Suspensions as Influenced by Water-Soluble Biopolymer Additives

Koo

Lee

et al. 2021

ACS Sustainable Chem. Eng.

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Rheological properties including gel strength, steady-state viscosity, and oscillatory rheology of four types of cellulose nanomaterials (CNMs) under the influence of two different biopolymers were studied. The processed CNMs had distinct fiber morphology (individual fibril vs bundles with/without lignin particles), composition (lignin content varying from 52.88% to 6.86%), and surface chemical properties (zeta potential values from −28.62 mV to −13.4 mV). The presence of lignin in lignin-containing nanofibrillated cellulose (LNFC) decreased a suspension’s gel strength, viscosity, and dynamic modulus. The chosen bleached NFC contained large fibril bundles, and the processed material with more individualized fibril and enhanced fluid rheology was demonstrated after regrinding the original NFC. Biopolymer xanthan gum (XG) showed a much larger effect in modifying gel strength, viscosity, and dynamic moduli compared with polyanionic cellulose (PAC). Among the three chosen rheological models, the Nasiri–Ashrafizadeh model fitted the measured shear stress and shear rate data the best for each fluid system with correlation coefficients larger than 0.99. The use of biopolymers (e.g., XG and PAC) helped reduce negative effect of lignin on gel strength and other rheological properties for LNFC. The much-improved rheological performance for biopolymer-modified LNFC suspensions open new opportunities for CNMs to be used as more environmentally friendly fluids for the energy industry.

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“…A clear difference between general ground AT90 and ultrafine powder AT90 can be seen in Figure a. The chemical shifts of C1 (106.2 and 103.9 ppm), C4 (86.8 ppm), and C6 (62.1 ppm) presented a typical pattern for cellulose II in ultrafine powder AT90, , while characteristic signals for crystalline cellulose I and amorphous cellulose were identified in general ground wheat straw. , …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 95%

Ball Milling for Biomass Fractionation and Pretreatment with Aqueous Hydroxide Solutions

Zhang

et al. 2017

ACS Sustainable Chem. Eng.

104

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A promising approach in the selective separation and modification of cellulose from raw biomass under a mild alkali process was proposed. In our study, ball milling was applied to wheat straw prior to alkali treatment. With ball milling, ultrafine powder formed an amorphous microstructure and displayed a level of solubilization in aqueous NaOH higher than that of general ground samples. Alkali-treated ultrafine powder resulted in up to 93.76% removal of hemicellulose and 86.14% removal of lignin, whereas cellulose remains largely undissolved. A high glucose yield (98.48%) was obtained via a 72 h enzymatic hydrolysis. X-ray diffraction and solid state 13C cross-polarization magic angle spinning nuclear magnetic resonance analysis revealed evidence of the transformation of crystalline cellulose I to cellulose II in alkali-treated ultrafine wheat straw. Prolonging the alkaline treatment time can significantly decrease the level of cellulose hydrogen bonding and increase the hydrolysis yield. The combination of ultrafine ball milling and low-severity alkali treatment played a significant role in the cellulose supramolecular change, which can then be used for downstream biorefinery processes or as a feedstock for the biomaterial industry.

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Analysis of mercerization process based on the intensity change of deconvoluted resonances of 13C CP/MAS NMR: Cellulose mercerized under cooling and non-cooling conditions

Cited by 10 publications

References 42 publications

Characterization of cellulose I/II hybrid fibers isolated from energycane bagasse during the delignification process: Morphology, crystallinity and percentage estimation

Characterization of cellulose I/II hybrid fibers isolated from energycane bagasse during the delignification process: Morphology, crystallinity and percentage estimation

Rheological Properties of Lignocellulosic Nanomaterial Aqueous Suspensions as Influenced by Water-Soluble Biopolymer Additives

Ball Milling for Biomass Fractionation and Pretreatment with Aqueous Hydroxide Solutions

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