Analysis of multiple mycotoxins in cereals under ambient conditions using direct analysis in real time (DART) ionization coupled to high resolution mass spectrometry

Václavík, Lukáš; Zachariášová, Milena; Hrbek, Vojtěch; Hajšlová, Jana

doi:10.1016/j.talanta.2010.08.029

Cited by 160 publications

(100 citation statements)

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“…In recent years, many researches have successfully demonstrated the ability of DART for qualitative and quantitative analysis. Analysis of solids or liquids, including illegal additives [3], Chinese herbal preparations [4], human blood sera [5], peptides [6], oligosaccharides [7], synthetic organic molecules [8], organometallics [9], toxins [10], polymers [11], cosmetics [12], fungicides on wheat [13], counterfeit drugs [14], explosives on clothes or shoes [15,16], biological matrices [17], and environmental samples after stir bar sorptive extraction [18] have shown that the DART is a versatile method for rapid detection of analytes. These chemicals have been detected on surfaces including concrete, asphalt, human skin, currency, paper stock, vegetables, fruit, and even clothing.…”

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confidence: 99%

Determination of Dicyandiamide in Powdered Milk Using Direct Analysis in Real Time Quadrupole Time-of-Flight Tandem Mass Spectrometry

Zhang

Yong

Liu

et al. 2015

J. Am. Soc. Mass Spectrom.

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MS DART DCDAbstract. The direct analysis in real time (DART) ionization source coupled with quadrupole time-of-flight tandem mass spectrometry (Q-TOF MS/MS) system has the capability to desorb analytes directly from samples without sample cleanup or chromatographic separation. In this work, a method based on DART/Q-TOF MS/MS has been developed for rapid identification of dicyandiamide (DCD) present in powdered milk. Simple sample extraction procedure employing acetonitrile-water (80:20, v/v) mixture was followed by direct, high-throughput determination of sample extracts spread on a steel mesh of the transmission module by mass spectrometry under ambient conditions. The method has been evaluated for both qualitative and quantitative analysis of DCD in powdered milk. Variables including experimental apparatus, DART gas heater temperature, sample presentation speed, and vacuum pressure were investigated. The quantitative method was validated with respect to linearity, sensitivity, repeatability, precision, and accuracy by using external standards. After optimization of these parameters, a limit of detection (LOD) of 100 μg kg -1 was obtained for DCD with a linear working range from 100 to 10000 μg kg -1 and a satisfactory correlation coefficient (R 2 ) of 0.9997. Good recovery (80.08%-106.47%) and repeatability (RSD=3.0%-5.4%) were achieved for DCD. The DART/Q-TOF MS/MS-based method provides a rapid, efficient, and powerful scheme to analyze DCD in powdered milk with limited sample preparation, thus reducing time and complexity of quality control.

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confidence: 99%

Determination of Dicyandiamide in Powdered Milk Using Direct Analysis in Real Time Quadrupole Time-of-Flight Tandem Mass Spectrometry

Zhang

Yong

Liu

et al. 2015

J. Am. Soc. Mass Spectrom.

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“…It comprises two steps: (i) an extraction based on partitioning via salting-out, involving the equilibrium between an aqueous and an organic layer; (ii) a dispersive SPE (dSPE) for further clean-up using combinations of MgSO 4 and different sorbents, such as C 18 or primary and secondary amine (PSA). QuEChERS-based methods have been recently reported for the extraction of different mycotoxins in cereal products [39][40][41], bread [42], eggs [43], or spices [44] and in the multiresidue extraction of different contaminants (including mycotoxins) in foods [45,46]. Also, we proposed this methodology for the determination of OTA in wine samples by capillary HPLC-LIF [18].…”

Section: Current Analytical Methods For Determination Of Mycotoxins Imentioning

confidence: 99%

Mycotoxin Analysis: New Proposals for Sample Treatment

Arroyo‐Manzanares

Huertas-Pérez

Garcı́a-Campaña

et al. 2014

Advances in Chemistry

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Mycotoxins are toxic secondary metabolites produced by different fungi, with different chemical structures. Mycotoxins contaminate food, feed, or raw materials used in their production and cause diseases and disorders in humans and livestock. Because of their great variety of toxic effects and their extreme heat resistance, the presence of mycotoxins in food and feed is considered a high risk to human and animal health. In order to ensure food quality and health consumers, European legislation has set maximum contents of some mycotoxins in different matrices. However, there are still some food commodities susceptible to fungal contamination, which were not contemplated in this legislation. In this context, we have developed new analytical techniques for the multiclass determination of mycotoxins in a great variety of food commodities (some of them scarcely studied), such as cereals, pseudocereals, cereal syrups, nuts, edible seeds, and botanicals. Considering the latest technical developments, ultrahigh performance liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry has been chosen as an efficient, fast, and selective powerful analytical technique. In addition, alternative sample treatments based on emerging methodologies, such as dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction and QuEChERS, have been developed, which allow an increased efficiency and sample throughput, as well as reducing contaminant waste.

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“…Of the 30 published LC-MS methods covering the years 2008-2013 that have been reviewed recently [79], ten of them use at least one commercially labelled standard for correction of the analytical results [80][81][82][83][84][85][86][87][88][89]. More recent methods follow this trend and perform SIDAs for all or at least some analysed mycotoxins (Table 1).…”

Section: Commercially Available Labelled Standards For Mycotoxinsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent developments in stable isotope dilution assays in mycotoxin analysis with special regard to Alternaria toxins

Asam

Rychlik

2015

Anal Bioanal Chem

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Stable isotope dilution assays (SIDAs) are becoming ever commoner in mycotoxin analysis, and the number of synthesized or commercially available isotopically labelled compounds has greatly increased in the 7 years since our last review dealing with this topic. Thus, this review is conceived as an update for new applications or improvements of SIDAs for compounds discussed earlier, but the main focus is on newly introduced labelled substances and the development of SIDAs for, for example, fusarin C, moniliformin or the enniatins. Mycotoxin research has concentrated on the emerging group of Alternaria toxins in recent years, and a series of SIDAs have been developed, including ones for tenuazonic acid, alternariol, altertoxins and tentoxin that are discussed in detail in this review. Information about synthetic routes, isotopic purity and mass-spectrometric characterization of labelled compounds is given, as well as about the development and validation of SIDAs and their application to foods, feeds or biological samples. As the number of commercially available labelled standards is increasing continuously, a general tendency for the use of analytical methods based on liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry capable of identifying a series of mycotoxins simultaneously ("multimethods") and using one or more labelled internal standards can be observed. An overview of these applications is given, thus demonstrating that SIDAs are increasingly being used in routine analysis.

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Analysis of multiple mycotoxins in cereals under ambient conditions using direct analysis in real time (DART) ionization coupled to high resolution mass spectrometry

Cited by 160 publications

References 27 publications

Determination of Dicyandiamide in Powdered Milk Using Direct Analysis in Real Time Quadrupole Time-of-Flight Tandem Mass Spectrometry

Determination of Dicyandiamide in Powdered Milk Using Direct Analysis in Real Time Quadrupole Time-of-Flight Tandem Mass Spectrometry

Mycotoxin Analysis: New Proposals for Sample Treatment

Recent developments in stable isotope dilution assays in mycotoxin analysis with special regard to Alternaria toxins

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