Analysis of nanopore arrangement and structural features of anodic alumina layers formed by two-step anodizing in oxalic acid using the dedicated executable software

Abstract

Anodic porous alumina layers were fabricated by a two-step self-organized anodization in 0.3 M oxalic acid under various anodizing potentials ranging from 30 to 60 V at two different temperatures (10 and 17 • C). The effect of anodizing conditions on structural features and pore arrangement of AAO was investigated in detail by using the dedicated executable publication combined with ImageJ software. With increasing anodizing potential, a linear increase of the average pore diameter, interpore distance, wall thickness and barrier layer thickness, as well as a decrease of the pore density, were observed. In addition, the higher pore diameter and porosity values were obtained for samples anodized at the elevated temperature, independently of the anodizing potential. A degree of pore order was investigated on the basis of Delaunay triangulations (defect maps) and calculation of pair distribution or angle distribution functions (PDF or ADF), respectively. All methods confirmed that in order to obtain nanoporous alumina with the best, hexagonal pore arrangement, the potential of 40 V should be applied during anodization. It was confirmed that the dedicated executable publication can be used to a fast and complex

Characterization of nanopores arrangement of anodic alumina layers synthesized on low-(AA1050) and high-purity aluminum by two-step anodizing in sulfuric acid with addition of ethylene glycol at low temperature

“…The average pore diameter and interpore distance of AAO formed in both steps of anodization increase with applied voltage for high-purity as well as low-purity aluminum, which is in accordance with data presented before [21,[34][35][36]. The values of concaves interpore distance were similar to the values obtained for second AAO, what is expected according to the mechanism of aluminum twostep anodization.…”

Morphology and photoluminescence of nano-porous anodic alumina membranes obtained in oxalic acid at different anodization potentials

“…FFT Spectrum obtained in 20 and 30 V is disordered ring because of the low periodicity in pore arrangement, but in the case of 10 V disc shape spectrum was observed results reveal that pores are formed but not in uniform order. This attributes to increasing anodization potential leads to increase self-ordering of the pores and oxide layer thickness [27]. These observations are in good agreement with the result form figure 1.…”

“…The main pore parameters of PAA such as pore diameter, interpore distance and porosity depends on the anodizing conditions like nature of the electrolyte concentration, anodization potential, duration and temperature [11]. There are few studies reporting the relationship between the regularity ratio and anodization process parameters [26,27].…”

Porous Aluminum Oxide Formed by Anodizing in Various Electrolyte Species

“…Therefore, highly ordered anodic porous oxides through the top surface to the bottom interface cannot be obtained via a simple anodizing method. The quantitative arrangement analysis of the porous oxide can be achieved by fast Fourier transform of the microscope images [44,45,64,65,[120][121][122][123][124]. To produce a highly ordered porous oxide with whole vertical regions, the following two-step anodizing method is available: a) first anodizing, b) selective dissolution of the anodic oxide in a CrO 3 /H 3 PO 4 solution at a high temperature, and c) second anodizing using the well-ordered template aluminum, fabricated by steps a) and b), as described in Fig.…”