Analysis of Neighbourhood Effects and Work Behaviour: Evidence from Paris

Abstract

This paper highlights the effects of being located in a deprived neighbourhood on unemployment. Interest is focused on the consequences of neighbourhood effects. The paper uses the 1999 Population Census for Paris and the three surrounding sub-regional administrative districts in order to estimate different models that take into account the potential endogeneity bias of the residential location choice. The study first runs a bivariate probit model that includes the residential location as an endogenous variable. A probit model is also run on a sub-sample of households living in public housing with the idea that for them the location choice is exogenous. Whatever the method used, it is shown that living within the most deprived neighbourhoods, in terms of local composition, decreases the probability of employment.

The Dialectic of Neighborhood Social Mix: Editors' Introduction to the Special Issue

“…Five studies using US data (Bayer et al, 2008;Cutler et al, 2008;Dawkins et al, 2005;Vartanian & Buck, 2005;Weinberg et al, 2004), six using Swedish data (Galster et al, , 2010Musterd et al, 2012), one using Norwegian data (Toft & Ljunggren, 2014), and one French study (Sari, 2012) find nontrivial effects on various adult labor market outcomes stemming from measures of neighborhood socioeconomic composition. By comparison, only three UK-based analyses Propper et al, 2007;van Ham & Manley, 2010) and one from the USA (Plotnick & Hoffman, 1999) find minor, if any, neighborhood effects on these outcomes.…”

Neighborhood Social Mix and Adults' Income Trajectories: Longitudinal Evidence from Stockholm

“…Unfortunately, there is no empirical consensus about neighborhood effects on labor market outcomes when using one of the aforementioned econometric techniques on non-experimental, observational datasets. 1 Several studies using US data (Weinberg et al 2004;Dawkins et al 2005;vartanian and Buck 2005;Bayer et al 2008;Cutler et al 2008;Sharkey 2012), several using Swedish data (Galster et al , 2010(Galster et al , 2015aHedman and Galster 2103), one Scottish study (van Ham and Manley 2009) and one French study (Sari 2012) find non-trivial neighborhood effects on various labor market outcomes. On the other hand, three Uk-based analyses van Ham and Manley 2010) and one from the US (Plotnick and Hoffman 1999) find minor, if any, neighborhood effects, and instead suggest selection dominates.…”

Population Shifts and Urban Policies in Housing Estates of Tallinn, Estonia

“…However, the results of former research on targeted urban revitalisation policies are contradictory. For example, designating certain neighbourhoods as problem areas may even harm the reputation of whole districts (like Urban Sensitive Zones in Paris: Sari 2012). More powerful public interventions may indeed increase residential satisfaction (like in Leipzig/Grünau) but the reputation of housing estates largely depends on the availability of other residential alternatives in regional housing markets (Kovács and Herfert 2012).…”