Analysis of Neurotransmitter Tissue Content of <i>Drosophila melanogaster</i> in Different Life Stages

Denno, Madelaine; Privman, Eve; Venton, B. Jill

doi:10.1021/cn500261e

Cited by 38 publications

(42 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…These authors 100 propose that serotonin is specifically implicated in a form of response to stress, whereby the flies' longevity is negatively affected by the perception of dead conspecifics, through serotonin signaling. 100 Total body serotonin levels do not appear to differ between males and females, 101 but serotonin levels during aging have not been assessed. The observed effect on longevity and behavior of serotonin suggests that serotonergic neurons could be also involved in aging related changes to physiology and behavior.…”

Section: Neural Agingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Social behavior and aging: A fly model

Brenman-Suttner

Yost

Frame

et al. 2019

Genes Brain and Behavior

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The field of behavioral genetics has recently begun to explore the effect of age on social behaviors. Such studies are particularly important, as certain neuropsychiatric disorders with abnormal social interactions, like autism and schizophrenia, have been linked to older parents. Appropriate social interaction can also have a positive impact on longevity, and is associated with successful aging in humans. Currently, there are few genetic models for understanding the effect of aging on social behavior and its potential transgenerational inheritance. The fly is emerging as a powerful model for identifying the basic molecular mechanisms underlying neurological and neuropsychiatric disorders. In this review, we discuss these recent advancements, with a focus on how studies in Drosophila melanogaster have provided insight into the effect of aging on aspects of social behavior, including across generations.

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Section: Neural Agingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Social behavior and aging: A fly model

Brenman-Suttner

Yost

Frame

et al. 2019

Genes Brain and Behavior

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“…16 Octopamine has been detected in biological samples after separation by coupling high performance liquid chromatography or capillary electrophoresis to electrochemical detection. 17-19 Separation methods are useful in obtaining tissue content information, but are destructive and unable to provide information on real-time dynamics of octopamine.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fast-Scan Cyclic Voltammetry (FSCV) Detection of Endogenous Octopamine in Drosophila melanogaster Ventral Nerve Cord

Pyakurel

Champaloux

Venton

2016

ACS Chem. Neurosci.

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Octopamine is an endogenous biogenic amine neurotransmitter, neurohormone, and neuromodulator in invertebrates, and has functional analogy with norepinephrine in vertebrates. Fast-scan cyclic voltammetry (FSCV) can detect rapid changes in neurotransmitters, but FSCV has not been optimized for octopamine detection in situ. The goal of this study was to characterize octopamine release in the ventral nerve cord of Drosophila larvae for the first time. An FSCV waveform was optimized so that the potential for octopamine oxidation would not be near the switching potential where interferences can occur. Endogenous octopamine release was stimulated by genetically inserting either the ATP sensitive channel, P2X2, or the red-light sensitive channelrhodopsin, CsChrimson, into cells expressing tyrosine decarboxylase (TDC), an octopamine synthesis enzyme. To ensure that release is due to octopamine and not the precursor tyramine, the octopamine synthesis inhibitor disulfiram was applied, and the signal decreased by 80%. Stimulated release was vesicular and a 2 s continuous light stimulation of CsChrimson evoked 0.22 ± 0.03 μM of octopamine release in the larval VNC. Repeated stimulations were stable with 2 or 5 minutes interstimulation times. With pulsed stimulations, the release was dependent on the frequency of applied light pulse. An octopamine transporter has not been identified, and blockers of the dopamine transporter and serotonin transporter had no significant effect on the clearance time of octopamine, suggesting they do not take up octopamine. This study shows that octopamine can be monitored in Drosophila, facilitating future studies of how octopamine release functions in the insect brain.

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“…These results in Drosophila are similar to those for electrically stimulated release in rats, where female rats have higher dopamine tissue content and stimulated release than male rats [39][40][41] . In adult Drosophila, sex differences in dopamine tissue content have been reported with significant higher dopamine content in females 42 . Thus, stimulated release is correlated with tissue content, and subtle sex differences are most easily observed with the more sensitive optogenetic stimulations.…”

Section: Comparison Of Different Stimulation Techniques For Dopamine mentioning

confidence: 99%

Real-Time Measurement of Stimulated Dopamine Release in Compartments of the AdultDrosophila melanogasterMushroom Body

Shin

Copeland

Venton

2020

Preprint

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AbstractDrosophila melanogaster, the fruit fly, is an exquisite model organism to understand neurotransmission. Dopaminergic signaling in the Drosophila mushroom body (MB) is involved in olfactory learning and memory, with different compartments controlling aversive learning (corner) vs appetitive learning (medial tip). Here, the goal was to develop techniques to measure endogenous dopamine in compartments of the MB for the first time. We compared three stimulation methods: acetylcholine (natural stimulus), P2X2 (chemogenetics), and CsChrimson (optogenetics). Evoked dopamine release was measured with fast-scan cyclic voltammetry in isolated adult Drosophila brains. Acetylcholine stimulated the largest dopamine release (0.40 μM), followed by P2X2 (0.14 μM), and CsChrimson (0.07 μM). With the larger acetylcholine and P2X2 stimulations, there were no regional or sex differences in dopamine release. However, with CsChrimson, dopamine release was significantly higher in the corner than the medial tip, and females had more dopamine than males. Michaelis-Menten modeling of the single-light pulse revealed no significant regional differences in Km, but the corner had a significantly lower Vmax (0.12 μM/s vs. 0.19 μM/s) and higher dopamine release (0.05 μM vs. 0.03 μM). Optogenetic experiments are challenging because CsChrimson is also sensitive to blue light used to activate green fluorescent protein, and thus, light exposure during brain dissection must be minimized. These experiments expand the toolkit for measuring endogenous dopamine release in Drosophila, introducing chemogenetic and optogenetic experiments for the first time. With a variety of stimulations, different experiments will help improve our understanding of neurochemical signaling in Drosophila.

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Analysis of Neurotransmitter Tissue Content of Drosophila melanogaster in Different Life Stages

Cited by 38 publications

References 42 publications

Social behavior and aging: A fly model

Social behavior and aging: A fly model

Fast-Scan Cyclic Voltammetry (FSCV) Detection of Endogenous Octopamine in Drosophila melanogaster Ventral Nerve Cord

Real-Time Measurement of Stimulated Dopamine Release in Compartments of the AdultDrosophila melanogasterMushroom Body

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