Analysis of P transposable element functions in drosophila

Karess, Roger E.; Rubin, Gerald M.

doi:10.1016/0092-8674(84)90534-8

Cited by 718 publications

(390 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…Canton S embryos were injected with 1μg/μl P element (neo r ) vector DNA and 0.5 μg/μl helper plasmid p25.7wc (Karess and Rubin, 1984) in injection buffer (100 mM sodium phosphate, 5 mM KCl, pH 7.2) as described by Rubin and Spradling (1982). G1 embryos expressing neo r were selected on instant food (Formula 4-24, Carolina Biologicals Supply Company) containing G418 (Gibco) at a concentration of 1 mg/ml (0.5 mg/ml active substance).…”

Section: P Element Transformationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transcriptional regulation of the Drosophila melanogaster muscle myosin heavy-chain gene

Hess

Singer

Trinh

et al. 2007

Gene Expression Patterns

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We show that a 2.6 kb fragment of the muscle myosin heavy-chain gene (Mhc) of Drosophila melanogaster (containing 458 base pairs of upstream sequence, the first exon, the first intron and the beginning of the second exon) drives expression in all muscles. Comparison of the minimal promoter to Mhc genes of ten Drosophila species identified putative regulatory elements in the upstream region and in the first intron. The first intron is required for expression in four small cells of the tergal depressor of the trochanter (jump) muscle and in the indirect flight muscle. The 3′ end of this intron is important for Mhc transcription in embryonic body wall muscle and contains AT-rich elements that are protected from DNase I digestion by nuclear proteins of Drosophila embryos. Sequences responsible for expression in embryonic, adult body wall and adult head muscles are present both within and outside the intron. Elements important for expression in leg muscles and in the large cells of the jump muscle flank the intron. We conclude that multiple transcriptional regulatory elements are responsible for Mhc expression in specific sets of Drosophila muscles. KeywordsDrosophila melanogaster; muscle; myosin heavy chain; transcription; enhancer; gene regulation Drosophila melanogaster is unusual in having a single muscle myosin heavy-chain gene (Mhc) (Bernstein et al., 1983;Rozek and Davidson, 1983), rather than a Mhc multigene family (see Emerson and Bernstein, 1987 for review). Alternative splicing of the primary transcripts from this gene yields multiple isoforms of the protein (Collier et al., 1990;George et al., 1989;Hastings and Emerson, 1991;Kazzaz and Rozek, 1989;Kronert et al., 1991;Zhang and Bernstein, 2001). Drosophila Mhc is expressed in all muscles at embryonic, larval, pupal and adult stages. Thus several stage-or muscle-specific enhancer elements may regulate its transcription.Transcriptional regulatory regions for a number of Drosophila muscle genes have been mapped, resulting in the identification of both unique and shared cis-acting elements (Arredondo et al., 2001;Kelly et al., 2002;Marin et al., 2004;Mas et al., 2004;Meredith and Storti, 1993). The latter includes E-boxes that bind helix-loop-helix transcription factors and MEF2 sites that bind MEF2 protein (Bour et al., 1995; Lilly et al., 1995). E-boxes, MEF2 sites and their binding factors positively regulate vertebrate muscle gene expression as well (see Molkentin and Olson, 1996 for review).* Corresponding author. Tel.: +1-619-594-5629; fax: +1-619-594-5676; E-mail address: sbernst@sunstroke.sdsu.edu. Publisher's Disclaimer: This is a PDF file of an unedited manuscript that has been accepted for publication. As a service to our customers we are providing this early version of the manuscript. The manuscript will undergo copyediting, typesetting, and review of the resulting proof before it is published in its final citable form. Please note that during the production process errors may be discovered which could affect the content, and all legal dis...

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Section: P Element Transformationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transcriptional regulation of the Drosophila melanogaster muscle myosin heavy-chain gene

Hess

Singer

Trinh

et al. 2007

Gene Expression Patterns

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“…Germ-line transformations were performed following the procedures of Rubm and Spradling (1982; and Karess and Rubin (1984). The Carnegie-20 vector containing .Zw+ was microinjected (300 pgfml) along with the helper plasmid pn25.7wc (80 pg/ml) into preblastoderm embryos from a tty506 or an Adhfn6 en ly506 recipient strain.…”

Section: (E) Transformation Experimentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nucleotide sequence of the Drosophila glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase gene and comparison with the homologous human gene

Fouts

Ganguly

Gutierrez

et al. 1988

Gene

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“…2), and non-autonomous elements that usually result from internal deletions of various sizes (O'Hare & Rubin, 1983). The transposase is a 87 kDa protein encoded by a single cistron comprising four exons (Karess & Rubin, 1984;. The germ-line limitation of transposition is achieved by an alternative splicing: the third intron (IVS3) is spliced exclusively in the germ-line of both sexes, restricting the synthesis of transposase to this tissue ; see further and Fig.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%