Analysis of peritoneal macrophages in continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis patients

Abstract

Peritoneal macrophages (PMC) from patients undergoing continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) were compared to peritoneal macrophages from healthy volunteers and to peripheral blood monocytes (PBM) from CAPD patients, hemodialysis patients, and healthy volunteers. PMC from CAPD patients had morphology similar to PMC and PBM from healthy volunteers. HLA-DR antigen and Fc receptors were present on the cell surface. These monocytes had similar sequential morphologic changes in long-term culture compared to PBM from healthy volunteers. Phagocytosis, hydrogen peroxide generation and bactericidal activity were the same in PMC from CAPD patients as in PBM from healthy volunteers. Chemotaxis and eicosanoid precursor uptake studies suggest that PMC from CAPD patients may be relatively immature bone-marrow-derived cells. Although these cells function well as phagocytes, further study is warranted to define their immune competence, many components of which develop during differentiation into mature macrophages and may therefore be deficient in patients undergoing CAPD.

Chemotaxis of the peritoneal cells and the detection of a chemo‐attractant in the effluent from peritoneal dialysis patients

“…The migration of PC from CAPD patients and healthy volunteers to FMLP is comparable with the results of Goldstein rt al. [4] and the individual variation in chemotaxis might have a correlation with the development of a peritonitis among different CAPD patients, which is presently under study.…”

The Peritoneal Immune System and Continuous Ambulatory Peritoneal Dialysis

“…They also possess functional immunophenotypic and cytochemical features which are not possessed by normal PMΦ [1, 2, 3, 4]. This has led some investigators to propose that PMΦ of CAPD patients are immature cells, reflecting the influx of younger monocytes due to the rapid turnover of the peritoneal cells [2, 5]. However, other studies suggest that these cells are phagocytes stimulated by a state of chronic inflammation in the peritoneal cavity.…”

“…Davies et al [3]and Peterson et al [11]demonstrated that the ability to mount a phagocytic respiratory burst by stimulated PMΦ was greater for CAPD patients than for normal controls. On the other hand, other workers have found a normal or slightly decreased bactericidal capacity of dialysis-elicited macrophages compared to PMΦ from healthy controls [2, 12]. …”

“…These cells have traditionally been viewed as the first line of defence against invasion of micro-organisms in the peritoneum, but due to their dilution, there is a low probability of macrophage-bacteria interaction. They also possess functional immunophenotypic and cytochemical features which are not possessed by normal PMΦ [1, 2, 3, 4]. This has led some investigators to propose that PMΦ of CAPD patients are immature cells, reflecting the influx of younger monocytes due to the rapid turnover of the peritoneal cells [2, 5].…”

Facilitated IL-1β Production from Mononuclear Cells in Peritoneal Dialysate – Ex vivo Study

“…However, the exact origin of IL-1β in the effluent has not been clarified in these cases. On the other hand, a large number of cells are found in the effluent even without peritonitis, and the predominant cell types isolated from the effluent are MC and MØ [2]. Accordingly, it might be possible that those MC/MØ in the peritoneal cavity release IL-1β even without peritonitis.…”