Analysis of phosphorylated proteins and inhibition of kinase activity during Giardia intestinalis excystation

Alvarado, Magda E.; Wasserman, Moisés

doi:10.1016/j.parint.2009.10.005

Cited by 9 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…). Such protein phosphorylation may be involved in cellular morphogenesis, as has been pointed out in Giardia trophozoite formation during excystment (Alvarado and Wasserman ).…”

mentioning

confidence: 79%

“…In C. cucullus stimulated to encyst, Ca 2+ -dependent protein phosphorylation occurred prior to structural and functional reorganization of the cells (Sogame et al 2011a;Sogame et al 2011b). Such protein phosphorylation may be involved in cellular morphogenesis, as has been pointed out in Giardia trophozoite formation during excystment (Alvarado and Wasserman 2010).…”

mentioning

confidence: 79%

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EF‐1α and Mitochondrial ATP Synthase β Chain: Alteration of their Expression in Encystment‐Induced Colpoda cucullus

Sogame

Kojima

Takeshita

et al. 2012

J Eukaryotic Microbiology

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Sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis of the total proteins contained in encystment-induced Colpoda cucullus showed that a 50-kDa protein (p50) disappeared, whereas the expression of a 49-kDa protein (p49) was enhanced in early phase of morphogenetic transformation into the resting cyst (i.e. 2-5 h after the onset of encystment induction). Puromycin or actinomycin D inhibited the alteration in the expression of p50 and p49 by the induction of encystment. These results suggest that the encystment-specific alteration in expression of these proteins is performed by a transcriptional regulation. Liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry analysis revealed that p50 is mitochondrial ATP synthase β chains, and that p49 is elongation factor 1α.

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“…). Such protein phosphorylation may be involved in cellular morphogenesis, as has been pointed out in Giardia trophozoite formation during excystment (Alvarado and Wasserman ).…”

mentioning

confidence: 79%

mentioning

confidence: 79%

EF‐1α and Mitochondrial ATP Synthase β Chain: Alteration of their Expression in Encystment‐Induced Colpoda cucullus

Sogame

Kojima

Takeshita

et al. 2012

J Eukaryotic Microbiology

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“…Few kinases and phosphorylation patterns have been studied in Giardia (Table 1) [11,12]. Functional studies [13-16] suggest that regulation of protein phosphorylation by kinases and phosphatases plays a central role in modulating the dramatic remodeling of the parasite's morphology as it cycles between the dormant infectious cyst and the motile, virulent trophozoite (Table 1).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The minimal kinome of Giardia lamblia illuminates early kinase evolution and unique parasite biology

et al. 2011

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BackgroundThe major human intestinal pathogen Giardia lamblia is a very early branching eukaryote with a minimal genome of broad evolutionary and biological interest.ResultsTo explore early kinase evolution and regulation of Giardia biology, we cataloged the kinomes of three sequenced strains. Comparison with published kinomes and those of the excavates Trichomonas vaginalis and Leishmania major shows that Giardia's 80 core kinases constitute the smallest known core kinome of any eukaryote that can be grown in pure culture, reflecting both its early origin and secondary gene loss. Kinase losses in DNA repair, mitochondrial function, transcription, splicing, and stress response reflect this reduced genome, while the presence of other kinases helps define the kinome of the last common eukaryotic ancestor. Immunofluorescence analysis shows abundant phospho-staining in trophozoites, with phosphotyrosine abundant in the nuclei and phosphothreonine and phosphoserine in distinct cytoskeletal organelles. The Nek kinase family has been massively expanded, accounting for 198 of the 278 protein kinases in Giardia. Most Neks are catalytically inactive, have very divergent sequences and undergo extensive duplication and loss between strains. Many Neks are highly induced during development. We localized four catalytically active Neks to distinct parts of the cytoskeleton and one inactive Nek to the cytoplasm.ConclusionsThe reduced kinome of Giardia sheds new light on early kinase evolution, and its highly divergent sequences add to the definition of individual kinase families as well as offering specific drug targets. Giardia's massive Nek expansion may reflect its distinctive lifestyle, biphasic life cycle and complex cytoskeleton.

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“…The molecular signaling pathways that ensure accurate spindle formation, chromosome segregation and final cell division during the giardial cell and life cycle, remain incompletely understood (Abel et al, 2001; Nohynkova et al, 2006; Dawson et al, 2007; Lauwaet et al, 2007; Davids et al, 2008; Alvarado and Wasserman, 2010). The four major mitotic kinase families that control eukaryotic chromosomal segregation during the cell cycle are Never in Mitosis Gene A-related (Nek), Aurora, Polo and cyclin-dependent kinases, (all with members that localize to the centrosomes/basal bodies of mammalian cells) (Malumbres and Barbacid, 2007).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Giardia lamblia Nek1 and Nek2 kinases affect mitosis and excystation

Smith

Lauwaet

Davids

et al. 2012

International Journal for Parasitology

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Analysis of phosphorylated proteins and inhibition of kinase activity during Giardia intestinalis excystation

Cited by 9 publications

References 46 publications

EF‐1α and Mitochondrial ATP Synthase β Chain: Alteration of their Expression in Encystment‐Induced Colpoda cucullus

EF‐1α and Mitochondrial ATP Synthase β Chain: Alteration of their Expression in Encystment‐Induced Colpoda cucullus

The minimal kinome of Giardia lamblia illuminates early kinase evolution and unique parasite biology

Giardia lamblia Nek1 and Nek2 kinases affect mitosis and excystation

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