Analysis of phthalic, isophthalic and long-chain (C4–C12) dicarboxylic acids in atmospheric aerosols by UPLC/ESI/ToF-MS

Mirivel, Giovanni; Riffault, Véronique; Galloo, J.-C.

doi:10.1039/c0ay00677g

Cited by 15 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…3b). Similar relative abundancies for these species were observed in other studies, with PhA consistently being the predominant isomer (Fraser et al, 2003;Mirivel et al, 2011;Mkoma and Kawamura, 2013). The relatively high ambient mass concentrations of these dicarboxylic acid isomers at levels that allow for consistent detection make them promising candidates for tracing aromatic SOA.…”

Section: Benzene Dicarboxylic Acidssupporting

confidence: 65%

Evaluation of anthropogenic secondary organic aerosol tracers from aromatic hydrocarbons

Al-Naiema

Stone

2017

Atmos. Chem. Phys.

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Abstract. Products of secondary organic aerosol (SOA) from aromatic volatile organic compounds (VOCs) -2,3-dihydroxy-4-oxopentanoic acid, dicarboxylic acids, nitromonoaromatics, and furandiones -were evaluated for their potential to serve as anthropogenic SOA tracers with respect to their (1) ambient concentrations and detectability in PM 2.5 in Iowa City, IA, USA; (2) gas-particle partitioning behaviour; and (3) source specificity by way of correlations with primary and secondary source tracers and literature review. A widely used tracer for toluene-derived SOA, 2,3-dihydroxy-4-oxopentanoic acid was only detected in the particle phase (F p = 1) at low but consistently measurable ambient concentrations (averaging 0.3 ng m −3 ). Four aromatic dicarboxylic acids were detected at relatively higher concentrations (9.1-34.5 ng m −3 ), of which phthalic acid was the most abundant. Phthalic acid had a low particlephase fraction (F p = 0.26) likely due to quantitation interferences from phthalic anhydride, while 4-methylphthalic acid was predominantly in the particle phase (F p = 0.82). Phthalic acid and 4-methylphthalic acid were both highly correlated with 2,3-dihydroxy-4-oxopentanoic acid (r s = 0.73, p = 0.003; r s = 0.80, p < 0.001, respectively), suggesting that they were derived from aromatic VOCs. Isophthalic and terephthalic acids, however, were detected only in the particle phase (F p = 1), and correlations suggested association with primary emission sources. Nitromonoaromatics were dominated by particle-phase concentrations of 4-nitrocatechol (1.6 ng m −3 ) and 4-methyl-5-nitrocatechol (1.6 ng m −3 ) that were associated with biomass burning. Meanwhile, 4-hydroxy-3-nitrobenzyl alcohol was detected in a lower concentration (0.06 ng m −3 ) in the particle phase only (F p = 1) and is known as a product of toluene photooxidation. Furandiones in the atmosphere have only been attributed to the photooxidation of aromatic hydrocarbons; however the substantial partitioning toward the gas phase (F p ≤ 0.16) and their water sensitivity limit their application as tracers. The outcome of this study is the demonstration that 2,3-dihydroxy-4-oxopentanoic acid, phthalic acid, 4-methylphthalic acid, and 4-hydroxy-3-nitrobenzyl alcohol are good candidates for tracing SOA from aromatic VOCs.

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Section: Benzene Dicarboxylic Acidssupporting

confidence: 65%

Evaluation of anthropogenic secondary organic aerosol tracers from aromatic hydrocarbons

Al-Naiema

Stone

2017

Atmos. Chem. Phys.

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“…The other site was located near the city center of Douai (abbreviated "DO" hereafter) (50 22 0 N, 03 04 0 E and 24 m above sea level), close to the Scarpe River channel (about 50 m), and surrounded almost exclusively with residential areas and traffic roads, representing a typical urban background site. Previous studies from our group in DO have determined the chemical composition of toxic organic compounds like PAHs and their oxygenated and nitrated derivatives (O-PAHs and N-PAHs, respectively) as well as long-chain monoand dicarboxylic acids, which have been quantified following PM 2.5 and PM 10 filter sampling (Mirivel et al , 2010(Mirivel et al , 2011) over short field campaigns.…”

Section: Field Campaign Descriptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Moreover, the chemical speciation of organic aerosol (OA) is limited by the wide variety of organic compounds presenting different properties (oxidation state, volatility, hygroscopicity). Gas or liquid chromatographs coupled to mass spectrometers are classically used to identify OA at a molecular scale (Mirivel et al , 2010(Mirivel et al , 2011Pratt and Prather 2011). Those techniques have indeed improved the characterization of organic aerosol (OA) chemical composition with the identification of a few thousand organic compounds; however, a large part of OA still remains unknown (Goldstein and Galbally 2007).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…PAHs are ubiquitous pollutants present in both the gas and particulate phases in the atmosphere, and are particularly monitored due to their known toxic, carcinogenic, and/or mutagenic properties on human health (Billet et al 2008). Their moderate vapor pressure favors their adsorption and condensation onto the surface of pre-existing particles to form an organic coating (Moosm€ uller et al 2009). Many analytical methods have been developed for the quantitative detection of particle-phase PAHs (Liu et al 2007) with chromatographic techniques being the most widespread ones for PAH collected on filters (Ma et al 2010;Singh et al 2011).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Fine particles sampled at an urban background site and an industrialized coastal site in Northern France—Part 2: Comparison of offline and online analyses for carbonaceous aerosols

Crenn

Chakraborty

Fronval

et al. 2017

Aerosol Science and Technology

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Particulate matter was sampled in Northern France during two summer and winter periods at both an urban background site (Douai, DO) and an industrialized coastal site (Grande-Synthe, GS). Ambient levels of particulate carbonaceous species and Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAH) were measured by real-time measurements and via collection and analysis of offline filters (F). The comparison between online organic matter (OM) measured by an Aerosol Mass Spectrometer (AMS) and organic carbon (OC) determined by an offline thermal-optical method showed good linear trends in wintertime GS (r 2 D 0.82 while only 0.50 in summer), and DO (r 2 D 0.86 in summer and 0.92 in winter). However, significant differences were observed between analytical methods and sites with OC AMS /OC F ratios decreasing from 0.80 in DO during winter to 0.20 for GS in summer, suggesting that a large part of OM could be in the PM 1-PM 2.5 fraction. The simultaneous measurements of Black Carbon (BC) and Elemental Carbon (EC) concentrations in PM 2.5 were also well correlated at both sites with r 2 D 0.61-0.97 and slopes between 0.6 and 0.8. PAHs were analyzed in PM 2.5 and also measured online by AMS in PM 1. Their wintertime concentrations were highly correlated in DO (r 2 D 0.98) and to a lesser degree in GS (r 2 D 0.67). r 2 values determined for comparison between online and offline parameters (OC and PAHs) in GS were lower than in DO, probably due to a more complex aerosol composition and a higher variability of the physical and chemical properties resulting from the coastal situation and diversity of emission sources in the vicinity of GS.

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“…However, for low sensitivity and weak selectivity in the UV detector [18][19][20], detection of FFAs is hardly achievable. Therefore, LC-MS, especially UHPLC-MS/MS, is generally adopted, which could acquire fast, sensitive, and reproducible analysis [17,[21][22][23][24]. Post-derivatization LC-MS methods are recommended for better sensitivity [25][26][27][28].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ultra‐fast screening of free fatty acids in human plasma using ion mobility mass spectrometry

Wang

Zhang

et al. 2022

J of Separation Science

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Free fatty acids are involved in many metabolic regulations in the human body. In this work, an ultra‐fast screening method was developed for the analysis of free fatty acids using trapped ion mobility spectrometry coupled with mass spectrometry. Thirty‐three free fatty acids possessing different unsaturation degrees and different carbon chain lengths were baseline separated and characterized within milliseconds. Saturated, monounsaturated, and polyunsaturated free fatty acids showed different linearities between collision cross‐section values and m/z. The establishment of correlations between structures and collision cross‐section values provided additional qualitative information and made it possible to determine free fatty acids which were out of the standards pool but possessed the confirmed linearity. The gas‐phase separation made the quantitative analysis reliable and repeatable at a much lower time cost than chromatographic methods. The sensitivity was comparable to and even better than the reported results. The method was validated and applied to profiling free fatty acids in human plasma. Saturated free fatty acids abundance in the fasting state was found to be lower than that in the postprandial state, while unsaturated species abundance was found higher. The method was fast and robust with minimum sample pretreatment, so it was promising in the high‐throughput screening of free fatty acids.

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Analysis of phthalic, isophthalic and long-chain (C4–C12) dicarboxylic acids in atmospheric aerosols by UPLC/ESI/ToF-MS

Cited by 15 publications

References 47 publications

Evaluation of anthropogenic secondary organic aerosol tracers from aromatic hydrocarbons

Evaluation of anthropogenic secondary organic aerosol tracers from aromatic hydrocarbons

Fine particles sampled at an urban background site and an industrialized coastal site in Northern France—Part 2: Comparison of offline and online analyses for carbonaceous aerosols

Ultra‐fast screening of free fatty acids in human plasma using ion mobility mass spectrometry

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