Analysis of Physical Fitness Index Test Scores of Air Crew Students at the Close of a Physical Conditioning Program

Clarke, H. Harrison

doi:10.1080/10671188.1945.10621251

Cited by 6 publications

(7 citation statements)

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“…Case 1 Cathcart, Hughes and Chalmers (1935) reported an average force of 363 lb exerted by approximately 10,000 British workers in isometrically pulling upward with both hands at a horizontal bar located at mid-thigh height. Using the same backlift action at a similarly located horizontal bar, 900 USAF cadets exerted a mean upward force of 520 lb, as reported by Clarke (1945).…”

Section: Magnitude Of Strength Critical For Equipment Layoutmentioning

confidence: 66%

Designing for Muscular Strength of Various Populations

Kroemer¹

1974

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3g, 5g, and lg (after the trials) 12 6 Panel control: forward force at lg (before), 3g, 5g, and lg (after the trials) 13 7 Panel control: upward force at lg (before), 3g, 5g, and lg (after the trials) 8 Panel control: downward force at lg (before), 3g, 5g, and lg (after the trials) 9 Leg strength depending on pedal height 10 Variables describing body posture and body support 11 Leg strength depending on backrest height 12 Leg strength depending on knee angle 13 Foot strength depending on pedal angle 14 Elbow torque depending on elbow angle 15 Body positions of a long and a short legged operator applying force to a pedal 100 cm in front of SRP 16 Arm posture of a tall and a small pilot while applying an upward force to a control located 70 cm in front and 55 cm above SRP 17 Body posture of a small operator using heavy industrial machinery designed for taller operators 18 Areas for the location of hand and foot-operated controls for different user populations 34 19 Endurance time as a function of partial strength requirement.

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Section: Magnitude Of Strength Critical For Equipment Layoutmentioning

confidence: 66%

Designing for Muscular Strength of Various Populations

Kroemer¹

1974

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“…Again Kroemer (1970) in reviewing some of the published strength data, finds discrepancies such as '1000 British workers exerted on the average 363113 in static backlift' (Cathcart, 19351, while ,900 United States Air Force personnel exerted a mean static pull-up force of 52Olb in backlift' (Clarke, 1945).…”

Section: Dimensionmentioning

confidence: 98%

The Development of Sammie for Computer Aided Work Place and Work Task Design

Bonney

Case

1976

Proceedings of the Human Factors Society Annual Meeting

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AEGTRACTComputer assistance with the design and evaluation of work places and work tasks is relatively new. However, a variety of approaches and models have been used by different workers and the work has moved beyond testing feasibility towards providing designers with a practical tool.This paper traces the development of SAMMIE and associated software and examines the lessons that this holds for future developments.The original development which started in 1967 consisted of a man model, a work place modelling system and a way to describe and evaluate work tasks. The restructured SAMMIE system places greater emphasis on usability and the structuring of the software. The decisions involved in the modelling, the facilities included in the model and the implications for data collection, presentation and accessibility are examined in the light of case studies performed and proposed design uses.

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“…Lifting with the back straight and knees bent (Roozbazar, 1974) is generally considered to generate less mechanical stresses than lifting with the back bent and lower limbs remaining straight, even though more EMG activity was found in the posterior back muscles by using the straight back method of lifting (Anderson et al, 1976). However, intra-disc (Nachemson, 1971) and intra-abdominal pressures (Davis, 1959a,b) were found to be less, and greater force was available (Clarke, 1945) for lifting when using the bent leg method. A comprehensive review of lifting has been carried out by Grieve (1977).…”

Section: Zndustrymentioning

confidence: 99%

Human kinesiology

Blanksby¹,

Wood²,

Freedman

1981

Am. J. Phys. Anthropol.

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This paper discusses kinesiological aspects of human locomotion in terms of the incomplete morphological adaptation of the body to current lifestyles.Modern instrumentation used for biomechanical analyses is outlined for the most part in the context of human running. Investigations of spatiotemporal and segmental measures by electronic walkways, photography, optoelectronics and angle-angle diagrams are referred to, as is electromyography and direct force measurement.Three commonly identifiable areas of applied kinesiological research, namely sport, industry and medicine, are considered with reference to the prevention, treatment and after-care of injuries whether received on the sporting field, in the work place, or in an automobile accident.The study of human kinesiology can take many forms, depending on one's major area of expertise and interest, and also on the connotation which one puts on the term. Because kinesiology has been derived from the Greek words "kinein" (to move) and "log~s" (to study), its literal meaning, "the study of motion,'' may be interpreted in a very general fashion to mean anything to do with movement. Thus it no longer necessarily assumes its earlier restricted connotation of external and musculoskeletal forces acting on pulleys and levers within a body to effect movement or maintain stability. Departments d physical education have been renamed departments of kinesiology and may embrace the sociological, physiological, psychological, historical, and mechanical bases of movement.For the more restricted use of the term kinesiology, biomechanics is currently the term more commonly used throughout the world. A simple but effective definition of the term is provided by Hay (1978): "Biomechanics is the science that examines the internal and external forces acting on a human body and the effects produced by these forces." Contini (1963) divides biomechanics into two areas:(a) General Biomechanics, which deals with the basic laws and rules which govern human and animal bodies in motion and at rest, and is further subdivided into biostatics and biodynamics.(b) Applied Biomechanics, which is more concerned with practical problems of improving movement, positions and human well-being in industry, agriculture, medicine, dentistry, military activities, sports and everyday life.

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Analysis of Physical Fitness Index Test Scores of Air Crew Students at the Close of a Physical Conditioning Program

Cited by 6 publications

References 0 publications

Designing for Muscular Strength of Various Populations

Designing for Muscular Strength of Various Populations

The Development of Sammie for Computer Aided Work Place and Work Task Design

Human kinesiology

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