Analysis of Pollution Characteristics and Influencing Factors of Main Pollutants in the Atmosphere of Shenyang City

Abstract

Air pollution is one of the most concerning environmental problems in cities. Hourly data on pollutant concentrations from 11 automatic atmospheric monitoring stations and meteorological data in Shenyang from 2017 to 2019 were used to analyze the spatio-temporal variation rules of CO (carbon monoxide), SO2 (sulfur dioxide), NO2 (nitrogen dioxide), O3 (ozone), PM2.5 and PM10 (PM particles with an aerodynamic diameters of not more than 2.5 µm and 10 µm) and their relationships with meteorological parameters. Meanwhile, the regional transmission route of pollutants was analyzed by the hybrid single particle Lagrangian integrated trajectory (HYSPLIT) model. The results showed that the concentration of O3 in the northern area of the city was higher than that in the south; CO, SO2 and NO2 were relatively high in the urban center; and PM2.5 and PM10 were relatively high in the southwest. The average concentration of pollutants was lowest in 2019. The concentration of O3 was the highest in spring, while CO showed no significant variations between different seasons. The remaining pollutant concentrations appeared to be high in winter and low in summer. The cumulative concentrations of the six pollutants were the highest in March, and relatively low in July–September. The diurnal concentration variations of O3, CO and SO2 exhibited a “single peak,” while others showed a “double peak and double valley.” Temperature was positively correlated with O3 concentration and negatively correlated with others. Wind speed was negatively correlated with the concentration of PM2.5, NO2, and O3. The air quality of the main urban area in spring and summer was mainly affected by the coastal air flow, while it was mostly affected by the northwest air flow in autumn and winter.

Temporal Variability of Equivalent Black Carbon Components in Atmospheric Air in Southern Poland

“…At this time of the year, there are two distinct periods of maximum eBC mass concentrations-the first in the morning (7:00-9:00) and the second, more intense, in the evening and night hours (17:00-23:00). The obtained results are consistent with the results of numerous literature studies, which indicate that the reason for this diurnal maxima was related to the atmospheric stability and the increase of human activities [1,21,68,69]. The morning peak corresponds with increases of morning traffic during work commutes.…”

“…On the other hand, the impact of wind speed increased as the observed correlations with eBC, eBC ff , and eBC bb were the strongest in this case (r = −0.54, −0.60, and −0.60 respectively). The analysis of the relationship between the concentration of eBC and meteorological parameters indicates the compliance with other studies at city stations (Delhi, India and Ostrava, Czech Republic), in which for the measurement year eBC was the strongest negatively correlated with air temperature [22,69]. The negative correlation of pollutant concentrations with air temperature, wind speed, and precipitation is a common phenomenon and has been noted, among others, in for PM 2 .…”

“…It should be noted that in the non-heating season, especially in the summer months (June-August), the two mentioned maxima are very poorly visible. The reason may be a significant decrease in the intensity of eBC emissions from anthropogenic sources and the presence of conditions favoring the dispersion of pollutants, including higher air temperature and wind speed, responsible for the increase in the height of the mixing layer, and more frequent and intense precipitation contributing to a more efficient washing of BC associated with atmospheric PM [26,69].…”

Meteorological Drivers of Permian Basin Methane Anomalies Derived from TROPOMI

“…The satellite observations presented in this study also provide motivation for field observations and modeling of the impact of the transport of primary pollutants and pollutant precursors and photochemical ozone production across the Permian Basin and regions downwind, similar to other regions [77,78]. Field studies have shown that a portion of the ozone pollution problems in along the Colorado Front Range are exacerbated by precursor emissions from ONG industry being transported by easterly winds toward the foothills of the Rocky Mountains [73], and a recent study [70] found elevated ozone and an abundance of light alkenes from oil and gas influence at Carlsbad Caverns National Park, west of the Permian Basin, which also supports the need for further coupled chemical and meteorological studies in the Permian Basin.…”

Analysis of Spatio-Temporal Heterogeneity and Socioeconomic driving Factors of PM2.5 in Beijing–Tianjin–Hebei and Its Surrounding Areas

“…At present, research on PM2.5 pollutions mainly focuses on temporal and spatial distribution rules [7], influencing factor analyses [8], source analyses [9], and health risk assessments [10] along with other aspects. Among them, influencing factors mainly include meteorological factors and socio-economic factors.…”