Analysis of psilocybin and psilocin in psilocybe subcubensis Guzman by ion mobility spectrometry and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry

Keller, Thomas; Schneider, Anelise; Regenscheit, Priska; Dirnhofer, Richard; Rucker, T; Jaspers, Jürgen; Kisser, W

doi:10.1016/s1353-1131(99)90073-1

Cited by 11 publications

(19 citation statements)

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“…Wurst et al (1984) reported that caps contain more psilocybin than stems. Similar findings have been reported by Beug and Bigwood (1982), Gartz (1987aGartz ( , 1987b, Keller et al (1998), Gartz and Müller (1989), and Gurevich (1993). Even lower levels are found in the mycelium (Gartz, 1986b;Kysilka and Wurst, 1989;Keller et al, 1998).…”

Section: Christiansen Et Al 1981bsupporting

confidence: 88%

“…Similar findings have been reported by Beug and Bigwood (1982), Gartz (1987aGartz ( , 1987b, Keller et al (1998), Gartz and Müller (1989), and Gurevich (1993). Even lower levels are found in the mycelium (Gartz, 1986b;Kysilka and Wurst, 1989;Keller et al, 1998). Other investigators have found marginal difference in psilocybin-and psilocin-content in the hat and the stipe for some mushroom species (Tsujikawa et al, 2003).…”

Section: Christiansen Et Al 1981bsupporting

confidence: 83%

“…Keller et al, 1999a Methanol, soaking 22 h LC, OD col. Kamata et al, 2005 * LC= gravity flow liquid chromatography, LC-MS = liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry, TLC = thin layer chromatography, GC = gas chromatography, HPLC = high-performance liquid chromatography, CZE = capillary zone electrophoresis, C18 = octadecyl silica bonded stationary phase. ** DMAB = 4-(dimethylamino)-benzaldehyde, FID = flame ionization detection, MS = mass spectrometry, UV = ultra violet spectrophotometric detection, VIS = visible spectrophotometry, FLD = fluorescence spectrophotometric detection, ED = electrochemical detection.…”

Section: Msmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Only three authors have described gas chromatographic methods to quantify psilocybin and psilocin in mushroom samples (Repke et al, 1977;Keller et al, 1999aKeller et al, , 1999bKikura-Hanajiri et al, 2005). The reason is, without doubt, the low volatility of psilocybin, which makes derivatization necessary prior to analysis.…”

Section: Quantitative Determination Of Psilocybin and Psilocin In Musmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The method is based on the hydrolysis of psilocybin to psilocin and a selective extraction of psilocin from the extracts by 1-chlorobutane. Recently Keller et al (1999aKeller et al ( , 1999bKeller et al ( , 2006 used ion mobility spectrometry to identify psilocybin and psilocin in finely cut samples of Psilocybe subcubensis. The method is highly sensitive but not entirely specific since psilocybin is thermally degraded to psilocin during analysis.…”

Section: Qualitative Analysis Of Psilocybin and Psilocin In Mushroom mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Occurrence and use of hallucinogenic mushrooms containing psilocybin alkaloids

Andersson¹,

Gry²,

Kristinsson³

2009

TemaNord

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Section: Christiansen Et Al 1981bsupporting

confidence: 88%

Section: Christiansen Et Al 1981bsupporting

confidence: 83%

Section: Msmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Quantitative Determination Of Psilocybin and Psilocin In Musmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Qualitative Analysis Of Psilocybin and Psilocin In Mushroom mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Occurrence and use of hallucinogenic mushrooms containing psilocybin alkaloids

Andersson¹,

Gry²,

Kristinsson³

2009

TemaNord

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Ion mobility spectrometry as a fast screening tool for synthetic cannabinoids to uncover drug trafficking in jail via herbal mixtures, paper, food, and cosmetics

Metternich

Zörntlein

Schönberger

et al. 2019

Drug Testing and Analysis

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The greatest challenge for European drug policies is how to effectively respond to the dynamic and constantly changing market for new psychoactive substances (NPS). Even small modifications in the chemical structure of substances often allow circumventing existing laws. Also in prison, the consumption of NPS is rising and there is growing evidence that NPS are responsible for a large share of drug‐related problems. Ion mobility spectrometry (IMS) is the technique of choice for trace analysis of illicit drugs or explosives at security points, for example airports. Currently, databases of the reduced mobility (K0) values are limited to classical drugs and should be completed with data of emerging NPS. In this article, K0 values, LODs (0.7–3.6 ng) and drift times of 25 synthetic cannabinoids were evaluated. The data were added to existing databases of IMS which were then applied for fast screening in prison. The detection capability of the portable IMS technique was evaluated by the determination of intra‐day (0.089%) and inter‐day precision (0.004% to 0.14%), systematic error (0.19%), and separation capability for structurally related NPS. The applicability of the methodology was demonstrated by the successful analysis of 12 different pieces of paper impregnated with synthetic cannabinoids, 7 different cosmetics, and 5 food samples (liquids), spiked with a mixture of narcotic drugs and a synthetic cannabinoid. In addition, 14 herbal mixtures and 36 different casework samples from prisons were analyzed provided by the State Office of Criminal Investigation Rhineland‐Palatinate (Germany).

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Interactions between Psilocybe fasciata and its companion fungus Acremonium strictum

Zhang

2005

Ecological Research

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Interactions between Psilocybe fasciata and its companion fungus Acremonium strictum were analysed. The conidia of A. strictum were observed on stipe, flesh and gill of P. fasciata, which suggested that A. strictum is the fungicolous fungi or mycophilic fungi of P. fasciata. The microscopic observations of the interacting hyphae of P. fasciata and A. strictum in dual culture and the negligible activities of chitinase and b-1,3-glucanase in inducing or non-inducing media of the pure and mixed cultures of the two fungi indicated that A. strictum is not the mycoparasite of P. fasciata. In addition, the co-existence, no pigmentation and dew formation in dual culture of both fungi were observed, which implied that the interference competition between the two fungi is weak. The activities of cellobiase, filter paper enzyme, endoglucanase and xylanase of pure and mixed cultures of P. fasciata and A. strictum were the same or similar, which may allow the co-existence of the two fungi. As a consequence of coevolution, the relationship between P. fasciata and A. strictum is commensalism: A. strictum showed no clear benefit to P. fasciata; however, P. fasciata may shelter A. strictum by its psychoactive tryptamines and may be helpful to conidium dispersal of A. strictum. The relationship between P. fasciata and A. strictum is different from that of A. strictum and other fungi.

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Analysis of psilocybin and psilocin in psilocybe subcubensis Guzman by ion mobility spectrometry and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry

Cited by 11 publications

References 0 publications

Occurrence and use of hallucinogenic mushrooms containing psilocybin alkaloids

Occurrence and use of hallucinogenic mushrooms containing psilocybin alkaloids

Ion mobility spectrometry as a fast screening tool for synthetic cannabinoids to uncover drug trafficking in jail via herbal mixtures, paper, food, and cosmetics

Interactions between Psilocybe fasciata and its companion fungus Acremonium strictum

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