Analysis of rapid maxillary molar distal movement without patient cooperation

Noncompliance screw supported maxillary molar distalization in a parallel manner

“…[3][4][5][6]8,10,[13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24] In order to try to avoid these side effects, researchers have benefited from rigid bone anchors such as osseointe- grated implants 7,27,28 and intraosseous screws. 1,2,4,9 Several clinical studies showed that implants have the potential to resist orthodontic forces, 7,27,28 which has also been proved with histological studies.…”

“…However, lack of patient cooperation is the major disadvantage of extraoral traction, 11,12 which directed researchers to investigate alternative noncompliance distalization methods. Over recent years, many studies examined appliances which require minimal patient compliance such as NiTi coil springs, 13 Wilson arches, 14 pendulum, 5,10,[15][16][17][18] Jones-jig, 3,19,20 distal jet 8,21,22 or Keles slider. 23,24 However, all these intraoral distalization appliances cause protrusion of upper incisors which re- Fabrication of screw supported distalization appliance.…”

Distal Movement of Maxillary Molars Using a Lever-arm and Mini-implant System

“…Second, in the vertical plane, most intraoral distal movement appliances have a tendency to extrude the maxillary molars, thus increasing the mandibular plane angle. [10][11][12][13][14][15]20,23,24,27 Third, in the transverse plane, the force is applied from the buccal or palatal side, inducing rotation of the molars. In addition, it is difficult to appropriately cope with the situation when the molars need to be expanded.…”

“…These include the repelling magnet, [1][2][3][4][5] coil springs on a continuous arch wire, 6,7 superelastic nickel-titanium arch wires, 8 coil springs on a sectional arch wire (Jones jig, [9][10][11][12][13] distal jet, [14][15][16] Keles slider 17,18 ), and springs in beta titanium alloy (pendulum, [19][20][21][22][23][24][25] K-loop, 26 intraoral bodily molar distalizer 27 ). Intraoral distal force appliances are designed to apply continuous reciprocal forces on maxillary molars, which also cause mesial reactive forces on the anterior anchoring teeth.…”

“…Thus, anchorage loss, such as upper protrusion or increased overjet, also occurs. In addition, the distal tipping [10][11][12][13]15,16,[20][21][22][23]25,27 and extrusion [10][11][12][13][14][15]20,23,24,27 of the maxillary first molar have been reported to occur when molars are moved distally with a conventional intraoral appliances.…”