Analysis of Relative Parallelism Between Hamular-Incisive-Papilla Plane and Campers Plane in Edentulous Subjects: A Comparative Study

Abstract

The study was undertaken to evaluate the parallelism between hamular-incisive-papilla plane (HIP) and the Campers plane. And to determine which part of the posterior reference of the tragus i.e., the superior, middle or the inferior of the Camper's plane is parallel to HIP using digital lateral cephalograms. Fifty edentulous subjects with well formed ridges were selected for the study. The master casts were obtained using the standard selective pressure impression procedure. On the deepest point of the hamular notches and the centre of the incisive papilla stainless steel spherical bearings were glued to the cast at the marked points. The study templates were fabricated with autopolymerizing acrylic resin. The subjects were prepared for the lateral cephalograms. Stainless steel spherical bearings were adhered to the superior, middle, inferior points of the tragus of the ear and inferior border of the ala of the nose using surgical adhesive tape. The subjects with study templates were subjected to lateral cephalograms. Cephalometric tracings were done using Autocad 2010 software. Lines were drawn connecting the incisive papilla and hamular notch and the stainless steel spherical bearings placed on the superior, middle and inferior points on the tragus and the ala of the nose i.e., the Campers line S, Campers line M, Campers line I. The angles between the three Camper's line and the HIP were measured and recorded. Higher mean angulation was recorded in Campers line S -HIP (8.03) followed by Campers line M-HIP (4.60). Campers line I-HIP recorded the least angulation (3.80). The HIP is parallel to the Camper's plane. The Camper's plane formed with the posterior reference point as inferior point of the tragus is relatively parallel to the HIP.

Prediction accuracy of incisal points in determining occlusal plane of digital complete dentures

“…Most studies that reported parallelism between the occlusal and HIP planes were conducted in dentulous individuals 8 or edentulous individuals with well-volumed ridges. 9 Jayachandran et al 15 reported that the IP remains in a fixed position after tooth loss, but the HN may disappear because of increased jaw resorption. The number of cases of significant jaw resorption has recently increased owing to the aging of edentulous patients.…”

“…Therefore, we investigated a method for automatically determining the occlusal plane from the maxillary and mandibular edentulous jaw data. The occlusal plane was assumed to be parallel to the hamular-incisive-papilla (HIP) plane, 8 9 which can be determined from the maxillary landmarks. Because the occlusal plane is determined by at least three points, two points behind the occlusal plane were set as one-half of the retromolar pad (RP) 10 and the remaining point was set as the incisal point, which is the midpoint between the proximal angles of the left and right central incisors of the mandible.…”

The differences in parallelism between ala-tragus line and occlusal plane of down syndrome and normal individuals

“…24 The other anatomical landmark that can be used as a guide for determining the occlusal maxillary plane is the hamular notch-papillary incisor. [25][26][27][28] Jain and Shigli 24 stated that more than one anatomic landmark is needed to determine the occlusal plane accompanied by clinical assessment to obtain the ideal occlusal plane. Nayar et al, 9 stated that the determination of the occlusal plane, besides using reference anatomic landmarks also required clinical assessment that prioritized aesthetic satisfaction, function, and stability of dentures.…”

Conformity between Pacifier Design and Palate Shape in Preterm and Term Infants Considering Age-Specific Palate Size, Facial Profile and Lip Thickness

“…Morphological references were sought to align the pacifiers, anatomically correctly, to the palatal vaults. It can be assumed that the alveolar ridge plane (ARP) in edentulous patients is parallel to the occlusal plane, which correlates highly to Camper’s line [ 22 , 23 , 24 , 25 , 26 , 27 , 28 ]. Camper’s line is defined as a line running from the tragus of the ear to the inferior border of the ala of the nose [ 29 ].…”