Analysis of resinous material present on an alabaster lid excavated from Nabataean Moa in the Arava valley

Hanŭs, L; Ben-Yehoshua, S.

doi:10.1111/aae.12028

Cited by 5 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 22 publications

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“…They were also used as an adhesive (e.g. Regert and Rolando, 2002;Prokeš and Hlozek, 2007;Hanuš and Ben-Yehoshua, 2013) and as ingredients in mummy balms (e.g. Łucejko et al, 2010; Łucejko et al, 2012).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification of alkyl guaiacyl dehydroabietates as novel markers of wood tar from Pinaceae in archaeological samples

Adam

Charrié

Connan³

2016

Organic Geochemistry

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Resinous materials from conifers from the Pinaceae family are frequently found in an archaeological context. These materials were used, notably, as waterproofing agent, as adhesive, or for the caulking of boats. Two main types of materials can be distinguished: resin, the exsudate of conifer tree, and wood tar obtained by dry distillation of wood. Molecular investigations of such materials aim, notably, at developing new molecular tools for the determination of their biological and geographical origin or of the manufacturing techniques, and for the discrimination between resin and wood tar. In this context, we report here the identification by synthesis of alkyl guaiacyl dehydroabietates, which occur in a series of recent and archaeological conifer wood tar samples from shipwrecks and Gallo-Roman tar preparation sites. They most likely result from the reaction of dehydroabietic acid and alkyl guaiacols, the latter being typical wood pyrolysis products formed during the preparation of wood tar. Alkyl guaiacyl dehydroabietates are therefore proposed to be specific molecular markers for conifer wood tar, allowing a clear molecular distinction between this material and resin to be made. They are also more resistant to the alteration undergone by archaeological samples than other compounds previously proposed as markers of conifer wood tar such as anhydrosugars or alkyl guaiacols.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification of alkyl guaiacyl dehydroabietates as novel markers of wood tar from Pinaceae in archaeological samples

Adam

Charrié

Connan³

2016

Organic Geochemistry

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Detection of deterioration for biochemical substances used with Late Period mummy by GC-MS

Abdel-Maksoud

Abdel-Hamied

Abou-Elella

et al. 2021

Archaeol Anthropol Sci

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Pyrotechnology and lipid biomarker variability in pine tar production

Davara

Jambrina‐Enríquez

Vera

et al. 2023

Archaeol Anthropol Sci

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Tar or pitch produced from pine resin and wood played an important role in the past as an adhesive, waterproofing and medicinal product. However, the formation and biomolecular composition of pine tar produced only from resin under different combustion conditions (i.e., temperature and oxygen availability during heating) has not been as widely investigated as pine tar produced by dry distillation of wood or birch bark tar, for which an extensive literature is available. This lack of information hampers technological interpretations of biomolecular data obtained from organic residue analyses of archaeological pine tar products. In this study, we performed controlled laboratory heating sequences with pine resin (Pinus canariensis) at 150, 250, 350 and 450 ºC under both oxygenated and oxygen-limited conditions, and analyzed the products using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). A control unheated resin sample was also analysed. We found that the formation of pine tar from resin occurs around 250–350 ºC under both oxygenated and oxygen-limited atmospheres. We also present and discuss the lipid biomarkers of pine resin and its combustion products according to changes in temperature and oxygen availability. Our reference data provide new information for the biomolecular identification of archaeological pine tar products and show potential for shedding light on the conditions in which tar was manufactured by ancient populations in different contexts.

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Analysis of resinous material present on an alabaster lid excavated from Nabataean Moa in the Arava valley

Cited by 5 publications

References 22 publications

Identification of alkyl guaiacyl dehydroabietates as novel markers of wood tar from Pinaceae in archaeological samples

Identification of alkyl guaiacyl dehydroabietates as novel markers of wood tar from Pinaceae in archaeological samples

Detection of deterioration for biochemical substances used with Late Period mummy by GC-MS

Pyrotechnology and lipid biomarker variability in pine tar production

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