Analysis of Surfaces by Scattering of Accelerated Alpha Particles.

Rutherford scattering and channeling. Useful combination for chemical analysis of surfaces

“…Probably the simplest of these is the use of wide-angle elastic or Rutherford scattering, but, although several such scattering investigations have been reported (1)(2)(3)(4)(5)(6) , the method has not found very wide acceptance. Probably the simplest of these is the use of wide-angle elastic or Rutherford scattering, but, although several such scattering investigations have been reported (1)(2)(3)(4)(5)(6) , the method has not found very wide acceptance.…”

“…Peisach ( 4 ) , bombarding with He', found 1-10 pg/cm2 gold on aluminum. Elastic scattering of a particles and activation by the same particles provided Patterson, Turkevitch, and co-workers the means for analyzing the lunar surfaces ( 9 ) .…”

“…Under such circumstances, the number nt of counts observed in an impurity peak (c/. Figure 2) is related to the number Aq of impurity atoms/cm2 of surface as follows ni = fZi2Ni(it) (4) where is the atomic number of the impurity, (it) is the integrated beam current, and / is a constant that depends only on the scattering angle, the geometry of the detector, and the energy and atomic number of the projectile.…”

“…When one irradiation must be exactly comparable to another (irradiations of a sample and a comparative standard), the method for measuring the integrated beam current must account for ions scattered from the target and for secondary electron emission (1,4,5), at MeV energies, however, their effects are usually quite small (< 10%).…”

Rutherford Scattering and Channeling—A Useful Combination for Chemical Analysis of Surfaces

“…Under such circumstances, the number nt of counts observed in an impurity peak (c/. Figure 2) is related to the number Vt of impurity atoms/cm2 of surface as follows ni=fzm(it) (4) where is the atomic number of the impurity, (it) is the integrated beam current, and / is a constant that depends only on the scattering angle, the geometry of the detector, and the energy and atomic number of the projectile.…”