Analysis of Swedish and Dutch accident data on cyclist injuries in cyclist-car collisions

Leo, Christoph; Klug, Corina; Ohlin, Maria; Bos, N M; Davidse, R J; Linder, Astrid

doi:10.1080/15389588.2019.1679551

Cited by 13 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…Head injuries were less frequent for cyclists in the Swedish dataset. This might be a result of high helmet wearing rates ( Otte et al, 2015 ; Leo et al, 2019a ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Besides sex, age has also been identified as an important factor affecting the types and severity of injuries ( Davis, 2001 ; Niebuhr et al, 2016 ; Leo et al, 2019a ; Saadé et al, 2020 ). Davis and Niebuhr et al conclude that elderly pedestrians (≥60YO) tend to suffer more severe injuries than younger pedestrians.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In two previous studies ( Leo et al, 2019a , b ), some initial investigations on differences in injury patterns have been performed. In the current study, these initial findings are being further discussed.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Are There Any Significant Differences in Terms of Age and Sex in Pedestrian and Cyclist Accidents?

Leo

Rizzi

Bos

et al. 2021

Front. Bioeng. Biotechnol.

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This study has analyzed sex-specific differences in pedestrian and cyclist accidents involving passenger cars. The most frequently injured body regions, types of injuries, which show sex-specific differences and the general accident parameters of females and males were compared. Accident data from three different European countries (Austria, Netherlands, Sweden) were analyzed. The current analysis shows that for both, females and males, pedestrian and cyclist injuries are sustained mainly to the body regions head, thorax, upper extremities and lower extremities. The results show that the odds for sustaining skeletal injuries to the lower extremities (incl. pelvis) in females are significantly higher. It was observed in all datasets, that the odds of females being involved in a rural accident or an accident at night are lower than for males. Elderly pedestrian and cyclist (≥60YO) tend to sustain more severe injuries (AIS2+ and AIS3+) than younger pedestrian and cyclists (<60YO) in some of the datasets. The findings of this study highlight the differences in males and females in both, accident scenarios and sustained injuries. Further investigations are needed to distinguish between gender- and sex-specific differences causing the different injury patterns.

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“…Head injuries were less frequent for cyclists in the Swedish dataset. This might be a result of high helmet wearing rates ( Otte et al, 2015 ; Leo et al, 2019a ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Are There Any Significant Differences in Terms of Age and Sex in Pedestrian and Cyclist Accidents?

Leo

Rizzi

Bos

et al. 2021

Front. Bioeng. Biotechnol.

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“…To investigate cyclist casualty rates in developed countries in Europe, Leo et al analysed injuries to cyclists due to traffic accidents based on traffic accident data from Sweden and the Netherlands [21]. Otte et al compared and analysed data on injuries sustained by traditional cyclists and moped riders and concluded that wearing helmets can effectively reduce injuries and mortality rates [27].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In Sweden, the death rate of moped-related accidents reached 8% of the total traffic accidents in 2016. Moreover, accident and fatality rates of traditional bikes are high in other large cities in Europe [21]. Therefore, understanding the characteristics of mopeds to improve traffic conditions has become an urgent problem that remains to be solved by traffic management agencies.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Behaviour Analysis of Left-Turning Mopeds at Signal Controlled Intersections – A Case Study in Yancheng City

Wei

Zhao

et al. 2021

PROMET

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Mopeds (electric bicycles and light motorcycles) are commonly used as a personal transportation mode in China. However, the understanding of characteristics of left-turning mopeds at signal-controlled intersections has been relatively limited. To bridge this gap, firstly, this paper proposed a video conversion method of moped movement data acquisition. Then, a method of data accuracy verification was introduced by comparing the results between the field experiment and the video conversion method. Secondly, the ideal traffic space for left-turn mopeds from different entrances was defined to analyse the characteristics of the left-turning mopeds at intersections. Further, three indicators, namely, transverse distance, the proportion of left-turning mopeds with crossing behaviour, and the average number of avoidance behaviour, were proposed and used to analyse the asymmetrical characteristics behaviour, crossing behaviour, and avoidance behaviour. Finally, based on empirical data collected from five signal-controlled intersections, the proposed methods and behaviours were analysed. This paper provides both a valid method of obtaining the position data of mopeds and a reliable basis for improving the safety of left-turning moped riders at urban signal-controlled intersections.

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A Review of Cyclist Head Injury, Impact Characteristics and the Implications for Helmet Assessment Methods

Baker

Patel

et al. 2023

Ann Biomed Eng

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Head injuries are common for cyclists involved in collisions. Such collision scenarios result in a range of injuries, with different head impact speeds, angles, locations, or surfaces. A clear understanding of these collision characteristics is vital to design high fidelity test methods for evaluating the performance of helmets. We review literature detailing real-world cyclist collision scenarios and report on these key characteristics. Our review shows that helmeted cyclists have a considerable reduction in skull fracture and focal brain pathologies compared to non-helmeted cyclists, as well as a reduction in all brain pathologies. The considerable reduction in focal head pathologies is likely to be due to helmet standards mandating thresholds of linear acceleration. The less considerable reduction in diffuse brain injuries is likely to be due to the lack of monitoring head rotation in test methods. We performed a novel meta-analysis of the location of 1809 head impacts from ten studies. Most studies showed that the side and front regions are frequently impacted, with one large, contemporary study highlighting a high proportion of occipital impacts. Helmets frequently had impact locations low down near the rim line. The face is not well protected by most conventional bicycle helmets. Several papers determine head impact speed and angle from in-depth reconstructions and computer simulations. They report head impact speeds from 5 to 16 m/s, with a concentration around 5 to 8 m/s and higher speeds when there was another vehicle involved in the collision. Reported angles range from 10° to 80° to the normal, and are concentrated around 30°–50°. Our review also shows that in nearly 80% of the cases, the head impact is reported to be against a flat surface. This review highlights current gaps in data, and calls for more research and data to better inform improvements in testing methods of standards and rating schemes and raise helmet safety.

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Analysis of Swedish and Dutch accident data on cyclist injuries in cyclist-car collisions

Cited by 13 publications

References 8 publications

Are There Any Significant Differences in Terms of Age and Sex in Pedestrian and Cyclist Accidents?

Are There Any Significant Differences in Terms of Age and Sex in Pedestrian and Cyclist Accidents?

Behaviour Analysis of Left-Turning Mopeds at Signal Controlled Intersections – A Case Study in Yancheng City

A Review of Cyclist Head Injury, Impact Characteristics and the Implications for Helmet Assessment Methods

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