Analysis of temperature effect on ceramic brick production from alluvial deposits, Tamilnadu, India

Manoharan, C.; Sutharsan, P.; Dhanapandian, S.; Venkatachalapathy, R.; Asanulla, R. Mohamed

doi:10.1016/j.clay.2011.07.002

Cited by 60 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…The gehlenite as unstable intermediate phases in formed from metakaolinite and calcium oxide recorded in the ClaySej2 sample clays which are rich in calcite when processed at 1000°C (Azzouz et al, 2011). In contrary to El-Mahhlawy (2008) and Manoharan et al (2011), indicating that the presence of anorthite of the fired specimens demonstrated that the firing process reached the equilibrium state; suggesting that the reaction was completed. Anorthite is formed from gehlenite, which is combined with silica and alumina, according to the increase of peak intensity to 1200°C.…”

Section: Study Of the Thermal Behavior By Xrdmentioning

confidence: 52%

“…Hematite (Fe 2 O 3 ) begins to crystallize at 800°C after the processing of clay minerals and continues to increase until 1200°C, according to Jordan et al (1999), Jordan et al (2001) Manoharan et al (2011) and Escalera et al (2014). Thus, it is preferable not to use clays which are rich in iron in ceramics, on the one hand, because it is an unwanted mineral in this industry due to its red color (Stepkowska and Jefferis, 1992) and on the other hand, because it can undergo reactions with the enamel layer to produce an undesirable color.…”

Section: Study Of the Thermal Behavior By Xrdmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Composition, firing behavior and ceramic properties of the Sejnène clays (Northwest Tunisia)

Bennour

Mahmoudi

Srasra³

et al. 2015

Applied Clay Science

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Section: Study Of the Thermal Behavior By Xrdmentioning

confidence: 52%

Section: Study Of the Thermal Behavior By Xrdmentioning

confidence: 99%

Composition, firing behavior and ceramic properties of the Sejnène clays (Northwest Tunisia)

Bennour

Mahmoudi

Srasra³

et al. 2015

Applied Clay Science

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“…SiO 2 which exist as the chief oxide (Table 1) with the proportion between 76.04 and 53.61% is associated with the presence of quartz, kaolinite, and muscovite. This proportion of quartz in the raw material influences the durability of bricks [13] and provided a uniform shape of the bricks [14].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This is associated with a minimal amount of fluxing agents in all the samples ( Table 1). The vitreous phase produced allows pores to be enclosed or adjacent pores to be separated by penetration of the liquid vitreous layer within the pores [13,26,27]. Globally flexural strength remains lower than 2 MPa for lateritic clays bricks except for KK and NM samples where FS is slightly greater than this standard.…”

Section: Physical and Mechanical Characterizationmentioning

confidence: 97%

Mineralogy, geochemistry and physico-mechanical characterization of clay mixtures from Sa’a (Center Cameroon): possibly use as construction materials

et al. 2020

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Six lateritic clay samples and lateritic and alluvial clay mixtures were studied in order to evaluate their potential use as raw material for bricks and tiles manufacturing. Their mineralogical and geochemical compositions were determined by X-ray diffraction and X-ray spectrometry, respectively, together with some physico-mechanical characteristics. The main minerals for the raw materials are kaolinite, quartz, goethite, hematite, and muscovite. Fluxing oxides are in low proportion (≤ 1.55 wt%) and causes insufficient sintering during firing. The flexural strength (FS) values are lower than 2 MPa for lateritic clay bricks, due to the Fe 2 O 3 content. This justifies their amendment with alluvial clays from the near Sanaga River. The lateritic and alluvial clay mixtures were done with respectively 100, 80, 60, 40, and 0 wt% of lateritic clay and fired at 900, 950, 1000, 1050, and 1100 °C. Linear shrinkage values increase with temperature and globally with alluvial clay content. Except for one sample-based product at 900 and 950 °C, water absorption values overall remain lower than 20% which is adequate for dense bricks and roofing tiles. For the mixtures, FS values globally increase with alluvial clay content except for a few samples at some temperatures. The studied clay mixtures can be used for bricks manufacture at the five tested temperatures. Some compositions with 40, 60, and 100 wt% of alluvial clays may be used for the production of roofing tiles above 1000 °C. Fluxes amendment is needed at 1050 and 1100 °C for other mixtures to increase their FS.

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“…It forms at approximately 800°C (Maritan et al, 2006) or at 850°C in the Ca-poor clays (Cardiano et al, 2004, Sağın & Böke, 2013. Manoharan et al, (2011) claim that hematite could be formed after exceeding the temperature of 750°C. Therefore, we can state that the temperature of firing of brick WZ12 was below this value, whereas all remaining samples recorded a temperature above 750°C.…”

Section: Thermogravimetric and Powder X-ray Diffraction Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Mineralogy and technology of bricks used for the construction of the XII century ducal castle on the island of Ostrów Tumski, Wrocław (SW Poland)

Bartz

Chorowska

2016

Geoscience Records

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The historic bricks from the ducal castle on Ostrów Tumski (Wrocław), one of the first brickwork structures in the Lower Silesia, which dates back to the XII and XIII century, were studied and characterised by a combination of classical petrographic studies (polarising microscopy), scanning microscopy, thermal analysis and X-ray diffraction. The combined results of these methods suggest that the firing temperature ranges from 950°C, through the most common temperatures of 850–900°C, to the infrequent temperatures below 750°C. Most of the bricks were fired under oxidising conditions, occasionally over a sequence of oxidising and reducing steps, resulting in a sandwich structure. The results indicate, that low-calcareous raw materials were used, presumably Miocene-Pliocene ‘flamy clays’, exploited a few kilometres away from the castle and tempered with locally obtained sand from the Odra river. Only small differences have been recognized in: 1) clay to aplastic material ratio, 2) amount of accessory minerals, 3) grain-size distribution of aplastic materials, but no significant changes in the brick technology were observed. The observed variability corresponds well to the different constructing phases, identified previously on the basis of archaeological work. Thus, our work proves that a detailed mineralogical and petrological study may help to identify different construction phases in historic monuments.

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Analysis of temperature effect on ceramic brick production from alluvial deposits, Tamilnadu, India

Cited by 60 publications

References 23 publications

Composition, firing behavior and ceramic properties of the Sejnène clays (Northwest Tunisia)

Composition, firing behavior and ceramic properties of the Sejnène clays (Northwest Tunisia)

Mineralogy, geochemistry and physico-mechanical characterization of clay mixtures from Sa’a (Center Cameroon): possibly use as construction materials

Mineralogy and technology of bricks used for the construction of the XII century ducal castle on the island of Ostrów Tumski, Wrocław (SW Poland)

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