Analysis of the baseline survey on the prevalence of Campylobacter in broiler batches and of Campylobacter and Salmonella on broiler carcasses in the EU, 2008 ‐ Part A: Campylobacter and Salmonella prevalence estimates

Abstract

A European Union‐wide baseline survey on Campylobacter in broiler batches and on Campylobacter and Salmonella on broiler carcasses was carried out in 2008. A total of 10,132 broiler batches were sampled from 561 slaughterhouses in 26 European Union Member States and two countries not belonging to the European Union. From each randomly selected batch the caecal contents of 10 slaughtered broilers were collected, pooled and examined for Campylobacter. From the same batch one carcass was collected after chilling and the neck skin together with the breast skin was examined for the presence of Campylobacter and Salmonella, in addition to the determination of the Campylobacter counts. Campylobacter was detected in pooled caecal contents of broilers and on broiler carcasses in all participating countries. At Community level the prevalence of Campylobacter‐colonised broiler batches was 71.2% and that of Campylobacter‐contaminated broiler carcasses was 75.8%. The Member State prevalence varied from 2.0% to 100.0% and from 4.9% to 100.0%, for caecal contents and carcasses, respectively. The results of the counts of Campylobacter on broiler carcasses showed substantial variation among the countries in contamination levels. About two‐thirds of the Campylobacter isolates from the pooled caecal contents as well as from the broiler carcasses were identified as Campylobacter jejuni, while one‐third was Campylobacter coli. Twenty‐two Member States and one non‐Member State isolated Salmonella on the broiler carcasses, with a Community prevalence of 15.6%. This prevalence varied widely among the Member States, from 0.0% to 26.6%. However, one Member State had an exceptionally high prevalence of 85.6% with the majority of isolates being S. Infantis. The Community prevalence of Salmonella Enteritidis or Salmonella Typhimurium‐contaminated broiler carcasses was 3.6%. Salmonella Infantis and Salmonella Enteritidis were the two most frequently isolated serovars on broiler carcasses in the EU and accounted for about one‐third and one‐sixth of the Salmonella isolates, respectively.

Prevalence of Thermotolerant Campylobacter spp. in Chicken Meat in Croatia and Multilocus Sequence Typing of a Small Subset of Campylobacter jejuni and Campylobacter coli Isolates

“…Bardoň et al (18) Norway, where the mean all-countries Campylobacter prevalence of 75.8 % was determined in fresh broiler carcasses taken from slaughterhouses. C. jejuni was isolated in two-thirds and C. coli in the majority of the rest of isolates, C. lari was identifi ed in 0.4 % of cases, C. upsaliensis was not isolated at all, whereas 4.1 % of isolates were not identifi ed (21).…”

Effect of Bacteriophage Application on Campylobacter jejuni Loads in Commercial Broiler Flocks

“…In the EU, 71% of broilers in slaughterhouses harbor Campylobacter spp. in their intestine, and due to fecal pollution, broiler meat becomes contaminated (5). Subsequent human infections arise from uncooked poultry meat, hand-to-mouth transfer in the kitchen, and crosscontamination of other foods.…”

Dynamics of Dual Infection with Campylobacter jejuni Strains in Chickens Reveals Distinct Strain-to-Strain Variation in Infection Ecology

“…Chicken is the single largest source of infection, with up to 80% of retail poultry carcasses contaminated in the EU (1). Transmission from environmental sources is considered the primary route of flock colonization with Campylobacter (2).…”