Analysis of the causes of security risks for port and marine infrastructure. Part three: structures protecting the sea shore

Wawrzyńska, Aleksandra

doi:10.12716/1002.28.07

Cited by 1 publication

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“…This leads to an increased impact of waves on the sea shore, causing the shore to move inland [2,3]. Therefore, coastal states are increasingly forced to take a number of actions to maintain the current coastline course [4] and protect coastal infrastructure [5]. In parallel, it should be ensured that the steps taken minimize interference with and the impact on the natural environment [6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Geospatial Modeling of the Tombolo Phenomenon in Sopot using Integrated Geodetic and Hydrographic Measurement Methods

Specht

Mindykowski

et al. 2020

Remote Sensing

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A tombolo is a narrow belt connecting a mainland with an island lying near to the shore, formed as a result of sand and gravel being deposited by sea currents, most often created as a result of natural phenomena. However, it can also be caused by human activity, as is the case with the Sopot pier—a town located on the southern coast of the Baltic Sea in northern Poland (φ = 54°26’N, λ = 018°33’E). As a result, the seafloor rises constantly and the shoreline moves towards the sea. Moreover, there is the additional disturbing phenomenon consisting of the rising seafloor sand covering over the waterbody’s vegetation and threatening the city's spa character. Removal of the sand to another place has already been undertaken several times. There is a lack of precise geospatial data about the tombolo’s seafloor course, its size and spatial shape caused by only lowering the seafloor in random places, and the ongoing environmental degradation process. This article presents the results of extensive and integrated geodetic and hydrographic measurements, the purpose of which was to make a 3D model of the phenomena developing in Sopot. The measurements will help determine the size and speed of the geospatial changes. Most of the modern geodetic and hydrographic methods were used in the study of these phenomena. For the construction of the land part of geospatial model, the following were used: photos from the photogrammetric flight pass (unmanned aerial vehicle—UAV), laser scanning of the beach and piers, and satellite orthophotomaps for analysis of the coastline changes. In the sea part, bathymetric measurements were carried out with an unmanned surface vehicle (USV).

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%