Analysis of the chemotactic behaviour of<i>Leptospira</i>using microscopic agar-drop assay

Islam, Md. Shafiqul; Takabe, Kyosuke; Kudo, Satoshi; Nakamura, Shuichi

doi:10.1111/1574-6968.12495

Cited by 17 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…1b). These are consistent with previous reports (Charon et al 1981;Goldstein and Charon 1988;Nakamura et al 2014;Islam et al 2014). Analysis of motile fractions in EMJH media showed that fractions of swimming and rotating cells were comparable, which were 45-50%, and some cells were non-motile (Fig.…”

Section: Effect Of Mbl On Leptospira Motilitysupporting

confidence: 93%

Mannose-binding lectin impairs Leptospira activity through the inhibitory effect on the motility of cell

Guo

Nakamura

et al. 2015

Microbiological Research

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Mannose-binding lectin (MBL) plays key role in lectin pathway of innate immunity, and shows the ability of triggering opsonization intermediately. Substantial increase in the serum level of MBL has been confirmed during leptospirosis, which caused by a pathogenic spirochete, Leptospira. Leptospira has a fascinating locomotion pattern, which simultaneously gyrating and swimming forward, such motility enables that Leptospira is difficult to be captured by immune cells if without any assistance. In this study, the effect of mannose-binding lectin to Leptospira was quantitatively investigated by measuring some kinematic parameters, to discover the mechanism behind MBL-mediated immune responses during leptospiral infection. The results showed that mannose-binding lectin is capable of inhibiting the motility of Leptospira by transforming free swimming cells to tumbled rotating cells, resulted in the increase number of rotating cells. Otherwise, decrease in rotation rate of rotating cell has been observed. However, the swimming speed of swimming Leptospira cells showed no observable change under the effect of MBL. The inhibitory effect were only valid in a relatively short period, Leptospira cells regained their original motility after 2 h. This raises an interesting topic that Leptospira is somehow able to escape from the inhibitory effect of MBL by dragging such unfavorable molecules toward to the cell end and eventually throwing it out. The inhibitory effect of MBL on the motility of Leptospira is expected to provide a new insight into lectin pathway.

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Section: Effect Of Mbl On Leptospira Motilitysupporting

confidence: 93%

Mannose-binding lectin impairs Leptospira activity through the inhibitory effect on the motility of cell

Guo

Nakamura

et al. 2015

Microbiological Research

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“…The embedded flagelli permitting cork-screw like motility favors these organisms in host dissemination and environmental survival [99]. Transport proteins identified in this study, including a flagellar export system, chemotaxis proteins, and flagellar motor energizers, play roles in survival and virulence.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Transport proteins identified in this study, including a flagellar export system, chemotaxis proteins, and flagellar motor energizers, play roles in survival and virulence. Chemotaxis toward specific molecules like glucose may facilitate tissue tropism of Leptospira pathogens [99]. L. biflexa can persist over long periods of time in distilled water by forming biofilms, and aggregation has been suggested to allow environmental survival and host colonization [74, 100].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative analyses of transport proteins encoded within the genomes of Leptospira species

Buyuktimkin

Saier

2016

Microbial Pathogenesis

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Select species of the bacterial genus Leptospira are causative agents of leptospirosis, an emerging global zoonosis affecting nearly one million people worldwide annually. We examined two Leptospira pathogens, L. interrogans serovar Lai str. 56601 and L. borgpetersenii serovar Hardjo-bovis str. L550, as well as the free-living leptospiral saprophyte, L. biflexa serovar Patoc str. ‘Patoc 1 (Ames)’. The transport proteins of these leptospires were identified and compared using bioinformatics to gain an appreciation for which proteins may be related to pathogenesis and saprophytism. L. biflexa possesses a disproportionately high number of secondary carriers for metabolite uptake and environmental adaptability as well as an increased number of inorganic cation transporters providing ionic homeostasis and effective osmoregulation in a rapidly changing environment. L. interrogans and L. borgpetersenii possess far fewer transporters, but those that they all have are remarkably similar, with near-equivalent representation in most transporter families. These two Leptospira pathogens also possess intact sphingomyelinases, holins, and virulence-related outer membrane porins. These virulence-related factors, in conjunction with decreased transporter substrate versatility, indicate that pathogenicity arose in Leptospira correlating to progressively narrowing ecological niches and the emergence of a limited set of proteins responsible for host invasion. The variability of host tropism and mortality rates by infectious leptospires suggests that small differences in individual sets of proteins play important physiological and pathological roles.

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“…The embedded flagella permitting cork-screw like motility favors these organisms in host dissemination and environmental survival [109]. Transport proteins identified in this study, including a flagellar export system, chemotaxis proteins, and flagellar motor energizers, play roles in survival and virulence.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Transport proteins identified in this study, including a flagellar export system, chemotaxis proteins, and flagellar motor energizers, play roles in survival and virulence. Chemotaxis toward specific molecules like glucose may facilitate tissue tropism of Leptospira pathogens [109]. L. biflexa can persist over long periods of time in distilled water by forming biofilms, and aggregation has been suggested to allow environmental survival and host colonization [79, 110].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative genomic analyses of transport proteins encoded within the genomes of Leptospira species

Buyuktimkin

Saier

2015

Microbial Pathogenesis

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Select species of the bacterial genus Leptospira are causative agents of leptospirosis, an emerging global zoonosis affecting nearly one million people worldwide annually. We examined two Leptospira pathogens, L. interrogans serovar Lai str. 56601 and L. borgpetersenii serovar Hardjo-bovis str. L550, as well as the free-living leptospiral saprophyte, L. biflexa serovar Patoc str. ‘Patoc 1 (Ames)’. The transport proteins of these leptospires were identified and compared using bioinformatics to gain an appreciation for which proteins may be related to pathogenesis and saprophytism. L. biflexa possesses a disproportionately high number of secondary carriers for metabolite uptake and environmental adaptability as well as an increased number of inorganic cation transporters providing ionic homeostasis and effective osmoregulation in a rapidly changing environment. L. interrogans and L. borgpetersenii possess far fewer transporters, but those that they have are remarkably similar, with near-equivalent representation in most transporter families. These two Leptospira pathogens also possess intact sphingomyelinases, holins, and virulence-related outer membrane porins. These virulence-related factors, in conjunction with decreased transporter substrate versatility, indicate that pathogenicity was accompanied by progressively narrowing ecological niches and the emergence of a limited set of proteins responsible for host invasion. The variability of host tropism and mortality rates by infectious leptospires suggests that small differences in individual sets of proteins play important physiological and pathological roles.

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Analysis of the chemotactic behaviour ofLeptospirausing microscopic agar-drop assay

Cited by 17 publications

References 23 publications

Mannose-binding lectin impairs Leptospira activity through the inhibitory effect on the motility of cell

Mannose-binding lectin impairs Leptospira activity through the inhibitory effect on the motility of cell

Comparative analyses of transport proteins encoded within the genomes of Leptospira species

Comparative genomic analyses of transport proteins encoded within the genomes of Leptospira species

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