Analysis of the colonic mucosa associated microbiota (MAM) using brushing samples during colonic endoscopic procedures

Matsumoto, Hiroshi; Kuroki, Yasutoshi; Higashi, Seiya; Goda, Kyosuke; Fukushima, Shinya; Katsumoto, Ryo; Oosawa, Motoyasu; Murao, Takahisa; Ishii, Manabu; Oka, Koichiro; Takahashi, Motomichi; Osaki, Takako; Kamiya, Shigeru; Shiotani, Akiko

doi:10.3164/jcbn.19-3

Cited by 20 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…In the MAM, Bacteroidetes and Proteobacteria are more represented, while Firmicutes and Actinobacteria are more abundant in the LM [30] . Although the implications related to the different compositions of the MAM and the LM are still poorly understood, the MAM is more permanent and less susceptible to external factors, such as diet or stress [31] , and each bacterium found in the LM is found in the MAM, while some bacteria are exclusively present in the MAM. These differences are attributed to different antibacterial or mucosal factors, different oxygen tensions between the lumen and the mucosa and different access to nutrients [30] .…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The gut microbiota and colorectal surgery outcomes: facts or hype? A narrative review

et al. 2021

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Background The gut microbiota (GM) has been proposed as one of the main determinants of colorectal surgery complications and theorized as the “missing factor” that could explain still poorly understood complications. Herein, we investigate this theory and report the current evidence on the role of the GM in colorectal surgery. Methods We first present the findings associating the role of the GM with the physiological response to surgery. Second, the change in GM composition during and after surgery and its association with colorectal surgery complications (ileus, adhesions, surgical-site infections, anastomotic leak, and diversion colitis) are reviewed. Finally, we present the findings linking GM science to the application of the enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) protocol, for the use of oral antibiotics with mechanical bowel preparation and for the administration of probiotics/synbiotics. Results According to preclinical and translational evidence, the GM is capable of influencing colorectal surgery outcomes. Clinical evidence supports the application of an ERAS protocol and the preoperative administration of multistrain probiotics/synbiotics. GM manipulation with oral antibiotics with mechanical bowel preparation still has uncertain benefits in right-sided colic resection but is very promising for left-sided colic resection. Conclusions The GM may be a determinant of colorectal surgery outcomes. There is an emerging need to implement translational research on the topic. Future clinical studies should clarify the composition of preoperative and postoperative GM and the impact of the GM on different colorectal surgery complications and should assess the validity of GM-targeted measures in effectively reducing complications for all colorectal surgery locations.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The gut microbiota and colorectal surgery outcomes: facts or hype? A narrative review

et al. 2021

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“…DNA was extracted as previously reported [7]. Preparation of library of amplicons encoding 16S rRNA gene and sequencing were conducted as described previously [17].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Thus, evaluating MAM in precise and accurate manners is recognized as a clinically important trial to characterize and understand the host-microbe interactions and their roles in the health promotion and disease prevention. We previously reported the difference in the bacterial community profile between brushing samples during endoscopic procedures and fecal samples [7]. Most previous studies investigating on the gut microbiota of IBS used fecal samples [8], and only a few studies investigated the MAM using biopsy samples [9-16].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mucosa-Associated Microbiota in Patients with Irritable Bowel Syndrome: A Comparison of Subtypes

et al. 2020

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Background: Most studies on gut microbiome of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) have focused on fecal microbiota, instead of mucosa-associated microbiota (MAM). Aims: The aim of this study wasto investigate the MAM in IBS patients including the difference in subtypes of IBS, namely, diarrhea-predominant IBS (IBS-D) and constipation-predominant IBS (IBS-C). Methods: Endoscopic brush samples were taken from terminal ileum and sigmoid colon of patients with IBS (17 IBS-D patients and 7 IBS-C patients) and 10 healthy controls. The MAM of samples was profiled by 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing. Potential changes in the MAM at the functional level were evaluated using PICRUSt software and the KEGG database. Results: There were no differences in MAM composition between terminal ileum and sigmoid colon according to β-diversity based on the UniFrac distance. In view of α-diversity, Shannon (evenness) but not Chao1 (richness) or observed operational taxonomic units tended to be lower in sigmoid colon MAM of IBS-C and IBS-D than the control group. The abundance of 4 genera in the sigmoid colon and 7 genera in the terminal ileum was significantly different among the 3 groups. Linear discriminant analysis effect size (LEfSe) showed that the genera of Ruminococcus, Akkermansia, Butyrivibrio, Methylobacterium, and Microbacterium and the family Erysipelotrichaceae were significantly higher in the IBS-C group, and the abundance of the genera Streptococcus, Acidaminococcus, Butyricicoccus, and Parvimonas was significantly higher in the IBS-D group. In addition, the proportion of genes responsible for the secretion system and LPS biosynthesis was significantly higher and that for methane metabolism, lysine biosynthesis, and enzyme families was significantly lower in the IBS-D group than in the IBS-C group. Conclusion: Dysbiosis pattern and the function of the microbiome seem to be different among subtypes of IBS, and MAM may play a crucial role in IBS symptom generation.

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“…In the annual meeting 2020, Matsumoto et al [22] indicated that the difference in the MAM between IBS-D and IBS-C using brushing samples taken from the ileum end and sigmoid of IBS patients and controls. The α-diversity and β-diversity indices were significantly different among the 3 groups (Fig.…”

Section: Gut Microbiome In Ibsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“… β-diversity PCoA UniFrac analysis weight ( a ), unweight ( b ): β-diversity analyses performed on all mucosal samples by UniFrac algorithms showed a separation among the 3 groups, and PCoA revealed microbial structural differences [22]. …”

Section: Gut Microbiome In Ibsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Cutting Edge Research of Functional Gastrointestinal Disorders in Japan: Review on JGA Core Symposium 2018–2020

Sugiyama

Shiotani

2020

Digestion

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Highly impacted articles on functional gastrointestinal (GI) disorders research presented at the core symposium held in the Japanese Gastroenterological Association (JGA) annual meeting 2018–2020 are selected and summarized. Regarding visceral hypersensitivity and sensor in GI tracts, transient receptor potential vanilloid 4 ion channel and acid-sensitive ion channel were candidates for hypersensitivity in GI tracts. ATP release from vesicular nucleotide transporter may be a key pathway to sensitize the nerve endings. Regarding inflammation and mucosal immune responses, patients infected with H. pylori having Ser70 type single nucleotide polymorphism of NapA gene was associated with H. pylori-related dyspepsia via gastric dysmotility. Gastric histology infected with Ser70 type NapA was shown severe infiltration of neutrophils into intramuscular layer. Macrophages, mast cells, and neutrophils are infiltrated in the colon of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) patients and the locally produced IL-1β upregulated brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) in enteric glia cells. BDNF can also stimulate nerve endings and might be linked to pain in the colon. Dysbiosis in the composition of commensal bacteria communities is associated with the pathogenesis of various diseases including IBS and gut-brain interaction. The investigation on the mucosa-associated microbiota (MAM) is essential for understanding the interactions. The α-diversity and β-diversity of MAM indices are significantly different among IBS-D, IBS-C, and controls, and the different diversity might contribute to the pathophysiology of IBS. As research works on psychosocial factors show, maternal separation animal model was used and it is early life stress. The stress had induced colonic hyper-contraction, gastric hypersensitivity, and delayed emptying. The precise molecular mechanisms are still under investigations.

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Analysis of the colonic mucosa associated microbiota (MAM) using brushing samples during colonic endoscopic procedures

Cited by 20 publications

References 27 publications

The gut microbiota and colorectal surgery outcomes: facts or hype? A narrative review

The gut microbiota and colorectal surgery outcomes: facts or hype? A narrative review

Mucosa-Associated Microbiota in Patients with Irritable Bowel Syndrome: A Comparison of Subtypes

The Cutting Edge Research of Functional Gastrointestinal Disorders in Japan: Review on JGA Core Symposium 2018–2020

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