Analysis of the National Air Pollutant Emission Inventory (CAPSS 2016) and the Major Cause of Change in Republic of Korea

Abstract

In 2016, air pollutant emissions in the Republic of Korea were 795,044 metric tons (hereafter tons) of CO, 1,248,309 tons of NOx, 358,951 tons of SOx, 611,539 tons of TSP, 233,085 tons of PM10, 100,247 tons of PM2.5, 16,401 tons of BC, 1,024,029 tons of VOCs, and 301,301 tons of NH3. Including energy production, thirteen emission sources, which comprise the national air pollutant emission inventory, were classified by their characteristics into five sectors (Energy, Industry, Road, Non-road, and Everyday Activities and Other Emission Sources) to analyze their relative contributions to the national emissions. Specifically, their contributions by pollutant were as follows: NOx (11.0%), SOx (21.9%), PM2.5 (3.2%), VOCs (0.8%), NH3 (0.5%) from the energy sector; NOx (20.2%), SOx (59.7%), PM2.5 (42.1%), VOCs (24.3%), and NH3 (14.4%) from the industry sector; NOx (36.3%), SOx (0.1%), PM2.5 (9.7%), VOCs (4.6%), and NH3 (1.7%) from the road sector; NOx (24.8%), SOx (11.5%), PM2.5 (14.3%), VOCs (4.0%), and NH3 (0.04%) from the non-road sector; and NOx (7.6%), SOx (6.7%), PM2.5 (30.6%), VOCs (66.3%), and NH3 (83.4%) from the everyday activities and other emission sources sector. The data we calculate are used as official national emissions data for the establishment, implementation, and assessment of national atmospheric environment policy to improve air quality. As critical and necessary materials, the data are also utilized on a wide range of studies on policies such as customized regional particulate matter reduction measures. Thus, it is crucial to estimate highly reliable national emissions by enhancing the emissions factors and inventory and to establish a scientific emissions testing system by using air quality modeling and satellite data.

Secondary Organic Aerosol Formation via Multiphase Reaction of Hydrocarbons in Urban Atmospheres Using the CAMx Model Integrated with the UNIPAR model

“…For areas outside of South Korea, the Northeast Asian emissions inventory contained within the KORUS v5 (Jang et al, 2020b) data was applied. For South Korea, the national emissions inventory named the Clean Air Policy Support System (CAPSS) 2016 (http://airemiss.nier.go.kr/mbshome/mbs/airemiss/index.do) was applied (Choi et al, 2020;Lee et al, 2011).…”

Source apportionment of ambient concentration and population exposure to elemental carbon in South Korea using a three-dimensional air quality model

“…CAPSS 2016 (Choi et al 2020) and the Comprehensive Regional Emissions Inventory for Atmospheric Transport Experiment 2015 (CREATE 2015) (Jang et al 2019) were used as the emissions inventories, including EC for South Korea and Northeast countries. The spatial distribution of EC emissions used in this study is shown in Fig.…”

“…In the Clean Air Policy Support System (CAPSS)-the national emissions inventory of South Korea-the amount of annual BC emissions in 2016 was approximately 16,000 tons. Among all emission source categories (defined as area, mobile, and point sources) in CAPSS 2016, the area source was the largest emission source category that accounted for approximately 59% of the total BC emissions in South Korea (Choi et al 2020;NAIR 2020).…”

Continuous mapping of fine particulate matter (PM2.5) air quality in East Asia at daily 6×6 km2 resolution by application of a random forest algorithm to 2011–2019 GOCI geostationary satellite data

“…The simulation for South Korea was conducted for 2015-2019 using emissions from the Clean Air Policy Support System (CAPSS) 2016 [Choi et al, 2020] for South Korea and KORUSv5 [Woo et al, n.d] for outside South Korea. The simulation for North Korea was conducted for 2016 using emissions from the Comprehensive Regional Emissions Inventory for Atmospheric Transport Experiment (CREATE) 2015 [Woo et al, 2020] and CAPSS 2013.…”