Analysis of the non-linear viscoelastic behaviour of silica filled styrene butadiene rubber

Gauthier, Catherine; Reynaud, Emmanuelle; Vassoille, R.; Ladouce-Stelandre, L.

doi:10.1016/j.polymer.2003.12.081

Cited by 147 publications

(122 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…For filled rubbers, the modulus depends on filler content, crosslink density, filler-filler and filler-rubber interactions that affect the segmental mobility of the rubber chains. The modulus normally increases with increasing amount of filler [39] or degree of filler-rubber interaction [40]. The silica-filled NR with TESPT has the highest storage modulus, indicative Figure 9.…”

Section: Dynamic Mechanical Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 98%

Silane grafted natural rubber and its compatibilization effect on silica-reinforced rubber tire compounds

Sengloyluan¹,

Sahakaro²,

Dierkes³

et al. 2017

Express Polym. Lett.

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Abstract. Natural Rubber (NR) grafted with 3-octanoylthio-1-propyltriethoxysilane (NXT) was prepared by melt mixing using 1,1′-di(tert-butylperoxy)-3,3,5-trimethylcyclohexane as initiator at 140°C with NXT contents of 10 and 20 parts per hundred rubber [phr] and initiator 0.1 phr. The silane grafted on NR molecules was confirmed by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), proton nuclear magnetic resonance ( 1 H-NMR) and scanning electron microscopy/energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM-EDX). Based on 1 H-NMR, the use of 10 and 20 phr (parts per hundred resin) of silane resulted in grafted NXT onto NR of 0.66 and 1.32 mol%, respectively, or a grafting efficiency of approx.38%. The use of NXT-grafted NR as compatibilizer in silica-filled NR compounds, to give a total amount of NXT in both grafted and non-grafted forms in the range of 0.8-6.1 wt% relative to the silica, decreases the Mooney viscosity and Payne effect of the compounds, improves filler-rubber interaction, and significantly increases the tensile properties of the silica-filled NR-compounds compared to the non-compatibilized one. At the same silane-content, the use of silane-grafted NR gives slightly better properties than the straight use of the same silane. With sulfur compensation, the use of NXT-grafted-NR with about 6 wt% NXT relative to the silica gives technical properties that reach the levels obtained for straight use of bis-(3-triethoxysilyl-propyl)tetrasulfide (TESPT) at 8.6 wt% relative to the silica.

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Section: Dynamic Mechanical Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 98%

Silane grafted natural rubber and its compatibilization effect on silica-reinforced rubber tire compounds

Sengloyluan¹,

Sahakaro²,

Dierkes³

et al. 2017

Express Polym. Lett.

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“…The relaxation time was mainly measured using dielectric spectroscopy [183,184], NMR spectroscopy [185][186][187][188][189][190][191][192], and neutron scattering [193,194]. T g was determined using dynamic mechanical spectroscopy [195][196][197][198][199], calorimetry [191,[200][201][202], and dilatometry [184,203] techniques. Since the mobility of the polymer chains around the fillers is related to the interfacial interaction, the presence of the interaction and their strength can be estimated by measuring T g and relaxation time [11,204].…”

Section: Glass Transition (T G )mentioning

confidence: 99%

A review on the role of interface in mechanical, thermal, and electrical properties of polymer composites

Kashfipour

Mehra

Zhu

2018

Adv Compos Hybrid Mater

173

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Composite materials and especially polymer composites are widely used in daily life and different industries due to their vastly different properties and design flexibility. It is known that the properties of the composites are strongly related to the properties of its constituents. However, it has been reported in many studies, experimentally and by simulations, that the characteristics of the composites do not follow the rule of mixing. It means that in addition to properties of the constituents, there are other parameters affecting the final physicochemical properties of composites. The interfacial interactions between fillers and host is one of the factors which can strongly affect the properties of the composite. In this review, we summarized the type of interactions between the constituents, their improvement techniques, interaction measurement methods, and the effects of interfacial interactions on thermal, mechanical, and electrical properties of composites.

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“…As mentioned in the Introduction, nanofillers are known to promote a remarkable Payne effect [12]. Several models have been developed in order to explain such an effect on the basis of two main interpretations: the first one, related to the filler networking concept, assumes an agglomeration-deagglomeration process of the filler network above the filler percolation threshold [12,[32][33][34], the second one, related to filler-matrix interaction, assumes matrix-filler bonding and debonding mechanisms [35][36][37][38][39][40][41][42][43]. It is not within the scope of this work to discuss the physical mechanisms occurring in the composites.…”

Section: Mechanical Characterization and Data Elaborationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interactive effects between carbon allotrope fillers on the mechanical reinforcement of polyisoprene based nanocomposites

Agnelli¹,

Cipolletti²,

Musto³

et al. 2014

Express Polym. Lett.

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Abstract. Interactive effects of carbon allotropes on the mechanical reinforcement of polymer nanocomposites were investigated. Carbon nanotubes (CNT) and nano-graphite with high shape anisotropy (nanoG) were melt blended with poly(1,4-cis-isoprene), as the only fillers or in combination with carbon black (CB), measuring the shear modulus at low strain amplitudes for peroxide crosslinked composites. The nanofiller was found to increase the low amplitude storage modulus of the matrix, with or without CB, by a factor depending on nanofiller type and content. This factor, fingerprint of the nanofiller, was higher for CNT than for nanoG. The filler-polymer interfacial area was able to correlate modulus data of composites with CNT, CB and with the hybrid filler system, leading to the construction of a common master curve.

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Analysis of the non-linear viscoelastic behaviour of silica filled styrene butadiene rubber

Cited by 147 publications

References 20 publications

Silane grafted natural rubber and its compatibilization effect on silica-reinforced rubber tire compounds

Silane grafted natural rubber and its compatibilization effect on silica-reinforced rubber tire compounds

A review on the role of interface in mechanical, thermal, and electrical properties of polymer composites

Interactive effects between carbon allotrope fillers on the mechanical reinforcement of polyisoprene based nanocomposites

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