“…In fact, a global travel preferences' survey, during the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic, indicated a significant shift from public to private and non-motorized passenger transport modes, and highlighted that the likelihood of using PT was comparatively higher for females, non-car owners, and longer trip distances ( Abdullah et al, 2020 ). Montero-Lamas et al analysed bus PT ridership and GIS data in A Coruna, Spain, during the COVID-19 lockdown, and they found that in areas with low-income population, high population densities and important concentrations of hospitals, offices and supermarket facilities, the PT demand was relatively higher ( Montero-Lamas et al, 2022 ). In Lisbon, Aparicio et al compared demand figures between 2019 and 2020 for bus, tram and metro networks and found reductions of up to 80 %, but at stations located in peripheral regions with relatively more low-income users, the decrease was lower ( Aparicio et al, 2021 ).…”