Analysis of the Traffic Stream Distribution in Terms of Identification of Areas With the Highest Exhaust Pollution

Abstract

Transport is a sector that is said to be negatively affecting the environment. The continuous development of transport increases the negative impact on the environment and civilization. In the article authors present the parameters that were used to describe the size of harmful transport exhaust emissions, in particular by means of road transport and the factors affecting their size. The areas where the level of concentrations of air pollutants are exceeded in Poland were characterized and analysed. Also examples of the stream traffic distribution in the selected area of the transport network were presented.

Noise and environmental pollution from transport: decisive problems in developing ecologically efficient transport systems

“…Proper traffic distribution and management have a positive impact not only on noise levels but also on air quality and safety. Reductions in traffic volumes can be done through intensification of public transport usage, promoting cycling and walking on short distances, parking management, and banned access to the selected areas for heavy trucks (see [30]). Other ways to reduce traffic is route designation and bypassing traffic around protected areas [4].…”

“…Selected effects of traffic management are presented in Table 3. [30] which provides guidelines to the assessment and management of environmental noise and to identify noise pollution levels, including transportrelated noise. The END focuses, among others, on determination of exposure to noise, preventing and reducing environmental noise and preserving environmental noise quality.…”

The evaluation of the sustainable transport system development with the scenario analyses procedure

“…Pro-ecological effects of selected infrastructure investments under changing demand for transport services can be examined with scenario analyses methods. The Warsaw Agglomeration Transport Model 2015 (MTAW [5,9,25]) was used as a base for scenario analyses in which levels of harmful emissions related to traffic distributions were observed. The model was developed in PTV VISUM for Warsaw Traffic Research 2015 by consortium of PBS company, Cracow University of Technology and Warsaw University of Technology.…”

“…The negative impact on the environment and the same on external costs of transport activities are dependent on transport volumes, a condition of infrastructure and technical equipment and also on a distribution of traffic into modes of transport within given network and expeditious switching it between the modes [6]. Evaluation of transport system development scenarios is a complex task and should be solved at the level of greater detail, including: required time, resources, regulations forcing or allowing switching modes, according to circumstances [2,[7][8][9].…”

The study of transport impact on the environment with regard to sustainable development

“…The negative transport impact on the environment refers to [1][2][3][4][5][6]: -GHG emissions contributing to climate change, -emission of air pollutants affecting human health and the natural environment, -developing valuable natural areas and fragmenting them with newly constructed technical infrastructure which contributes to the loss of biodiversity, -generating noise detrimental to human health.…”