Analysis of the tunable asymmetric fiber F-P cavity for fiber sensor edge-filter demodulation

Lignocellulosics as a Renewable Feedstock for Chemical Industry: Chemicals from Lignin

“…Both carbon-carbon and carbon-oxygen bonds between monomers are found in lignin. The most common functionality, accounting for about half the bonds between monomers in lignin from most sources, is a carbon-oxygen link between a p-hydroxy moiety and the ß-end of the propenyl group (ß-O-4) [15][16][17]. Two-dimensional NMR studies of lignin from wheat straw and milled wood have shown no sign of a-O-4 links (2.2.b), [18] although they have been claimed to comprise 6% to 8% of the linkages in both softwood and hardwood lignins [14].…”