Analysis of Unsteady Friction Models Used in Engineering Software for Water Hammer Analysis: Implementation Case in WANDA

Abdeldayem, Omar M.; Ferràs, David; Zwan, Sam van der; Kennedy, Maria D.

doi:10.3390/w13040495

Cited by 16 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…Interestingly, most commercial engineering programs for unsteady pipe flow analysis do not allow unsteady friction to be taken into account. The only model that is available in some programs is the IAB Brunone-Vitkovský model [18]. The purpose of the numerical calculations was to test the suitability of this model for simulating rapid water hammer events in a pipeline system with an internal EPDM hose.…”

Section: Numerical Calculationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Water hammer mitigation by internal rubber hose

Kubrak

2024

Archives of Civil Engineering

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The aim of this research was to experimentally analyse the possibility of using a rubber hose placed inside a pipeline to mitigate the water hammer phenomenon. The experiments were conducted using a steel pipeline with an inner diameter of 53 mm and an EPDM rubber hose with a diameter of 6 mm. Hydraulic transients were induced by a rapid closure of the valve located at the downstream end of the pipeline system. In order to analyse the influence of steady-state flow conditions on the maximum pressure increase, measurements were carried out for different values of initial pressure and discharge. The experimental results indicate that placing a rubber hose inside a pipeline can substantially attenuate valve-induced pressure oscillations. It was observed that the initial pressure has a significant influence on the capacity of the rubber hose to dampen the water hammer phenomenon. Comparative numerical calculations were performed using the Brunone–Vitkovský instant acceleration-based model of unsteady friction. It was demonstrated that this approach does not allow satisfactory reproduction of the observed pressure oscillations due to the viscoelastic properties of the EPDM hose used in the tests.

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Section: Numerical Calculationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Water hammer mitigation by internal rubber hose

Kubrak

2024

Archives of Civil Engineering

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“…With respect to viscoelasticity, the Kelvin–Voigt (K–V) model has been used to describe the viscoelastic behavior of the pipe wall [ 7 ]. As for friction, one-dimensional (1D) quasi-steady and unsteady friction models [ 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 ] and two-dimensional friction models [ 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 ] have been used to describe the wall shear stress in transient flows. Generally, the classic transient flow model with a quasi-steady friction model is capable of accurately simulating the maximum value in terms of the pressure fluctuation in elastic pipes; however, it cannot accurately describe the peak pressure damping in most instances [ 1 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The results showed that the viscoelastic model was more accurate when simulating the peak pressure damping than the elastic model. Abdeldayem et al [ 11 ] compared the accuracy of different unsteady fiction models in engineering practice. They concluded that the modified IAB model is relatively suitable for simulating pressure fluctuation in transient flows.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Numerical Analysis of Transient Pressure Damping in Viscoelastic Pipes at Different Water Temperatures

Sun

Zhang

et al. 2022

Materials

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Water temperature affects the peak pressure damping of transient flows in viscoelastic pipes. Owing to the viscoelastic properties of pipes, the accuracy of peak pressure damping simulations hinges on both viscoelastic and frictional factors. In simulations, the influence of both factors on peak pressure damping at different water temperatures is unclear. In this study, the Kelvin–Voigt model with both a quasi-steady friction model and modified Brunone model was employed. Based on experimental data, the accuracy of simulated peak pressure damping was verified at four different water temperatures (13.8, 25, 31, and 38.5 °C). From the perspective of energy transfer and dissipation, the influence of viscoelastic and frictional factors on peak pressure damping were clarified, and the applicability of different friction models was determined based on the contributions of viscoelastic and frictional factors to peak pressure damping. The numerical results indicate that the viscoelastic properties of pipes have a greater impact on peak pressure damping than their frictional properties at 25, 31, and 38.5 °C. Higher temperatures result in a delay in the rate of work and a decrease in the frequency of work performed by viscoelastic pipes. Viscoelastic properties play a more important role than frictional ones in calculating peak pressure damping as the water temperature increases. In addition, the one-dimensional quasi-steady friction model can accurately simulate peak pressure damping within a specified water temperature range.

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“…The time increment updated the weight function of the Zielke model. Abdeldayem [16] studied and explored the performance of different unsteady friction models in terms of accuracy, efficiency, and reliability to determine the most suitable model for engineering practice. Through comparison, it was found that Vítkovský's unsteady friction model is the most suitable.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Establishment and Solution of Four Variable Water Hammer Mathematical Model for Conveying Pipe

Duan

Jin³

2022

Energies

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Transient flow in pipe is a much debated topic in the field of hydrodynamics. The water hammer effect caused by instantaneous valve closing is an important branch of transient flow. At present, the fluid density is regarded as a constant in the study of the water hammer effect in pipe. When there is gas in the pipe, the variation range of density is large, and the pressure-wave velocity should also change continuously along the pipe. This study considers the interaction between pipeline fluid motion and water hammer wave propagation based on the essence of water hammer, with the pressure, velocity, density and overflow area set as variables. A new set of water hammer calculation equations was deduced and solved numerically. The effects of different valve closing time, flow rate and gas content on pressure distribution and the water hammer effect were studied. It was found that with the increase in valve closing time, the maximum fluctuating pressure at the pipe end decreased, and the time of peak value also lagged behind. When the valve closing time increased from 5 s to 25 s, the difference in water hammer pressure was 0.72 MPa, and the difference in velocity fluctuation amplitude was 0.076 m/s. The findings confirm: the greater the flow, the greater the pressure change at the pipe end; the faster the speed change, the more obvious the water hammer effect. High-volume flows were greatly disturbed by instantaneous obstacles such as valve closing. With the increase of time, the pressure fluctuation gradually attenuated along the pipe length. The place with the greatest water hammer effect was near the valve. Under the coupling effect of time and tube length, the shorter the time and the shorter the tube length, the more obvious the pressure fluctuation. Findings also confirm: the larger the gas content, the smaller the fluctuation peak of pipe end pressure; the longer the water hammer cycle, the smaller the pressure-wave velocity. The actual pressure fluctuation value was obviously lower than that without gas, and the size of the pressure wave mainly depended on the gas content. When the gas content increased from 1% to 9%, the difference of water hammer pressure was 0.41 MPa.

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Analysis of Unsteady Friction Models Used in Engineering Software for Water Hammer Analysis: Implementation Case in WANDA

Cited by 16 publications

References 28 publications

Water hammer mitigation by internal rubber hose

Water hammer mitigation by internal rubber hose

Numerical Analysis of Transient Pressure Damping in Viscoelastic Pipes at Different Water Temperatures

Establishment and Solution of Four Variable Water Hammer Mathematical Model for Conveying Pipe

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