Analysis of urinary S-phenylmercapturic acid and trans,trans-muconic acid as exposure biomarkers of benzene in petrochemical and industrial areas of Korea

Fang, Ming; Shin, Min Ki; Park, Ki Wan; Kim, Yoon Shin; Lee, Jeeyeon; Cho, Myung‐Haing

doi:10.5271/sjweh.511

Cited by 11 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…A moderate, statistically-significant correlation was found (r = 0.47). Other studies also reported similar correlation coefficients between the same urinary metabolites in environmentally exposed adults (Melikian et al, 1999) and in children (Fang et al, 2000). A number of studies also positively evaluated the accuracy of using urinary t,t-MA as a biomarker of benzene exposure at environmental and mostly occupational levels (Cocco et al, 2003;Hoet et al, 2009;Scherer et al, 1998).…”

Section: Correlation Between S-pma and Tt-mamentioning

confidence: 70%

Gestational exposure to volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in Northeastern British Columbia, Canada: A pilot study

Caron-Beaudoin

Valter

Chevrier

et al. 2018

Environment International

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Section: Correlation Between S-pma and Tt-mamentioning

confidence: 70%

Gestational exposure to volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in Northeastern British Columbia, Canada: A pilot study

Caron-Beaudoin

Valter

Chevrier

et al. 2018

Environment International

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“…This metabolite was proposed by the ACGIH in its 2015 publication as the best benzene exposure biomarker [36], which had rendered previous levels measured by t,t-MA questionable. However, Fang et al [37] demonstrated that there is a good correlation between the two metabolites in experimental animals and in children exposed to benzene in an industrial area in Korea.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Volatile Organic Compounds in Air: Sources, Distribution, Exposure and Associated Illnesses in Children

Montero‐Montoya

López-Vargas

Arellano-Aguilar

2018

Annals of Global Health

212

109

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Background:Toxic volatile organic compounds (VOC), like benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene and xylenes (BTEX), are atmospheric pollutants representing a threat to human health. They are released into the environment from mobile sources in urban settings, but newly polluted areas are gaining importance in countries where accelerated industrialization is taking place in suburban or rural settings.Methods:The review includes studies done in Mexico and Latin-America and countries considered to have emerging economies and are compared with similar studies in developed countries. Data about environmental VOC levels and exposure of children have been included. Also, information about health effects was reviewed. Articles were searched in PubMed and Scopus, and information was also obtained from the United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), the EPAs Integrated Risk Information System (IRIS-EPA) and state reports on air quality of Mexican cities.Results:VOC or BTEX levels reported in industrial and suburban areas were found to be higher due to the burning of fossil fuels and waste emission; whereas, in big cities, VOC emissions were mainly due to mobile sources. Even though TEX levels were under reference values, benzene was found at levels several times over this value in cities and even higher in industrial zones. Elevated VOC emissions were also reported in cities with industrial development in their peripheral rural areas.Public health relevance:Industrial activities have changed the way of life of small towns, which previously had no concern about environmental pollution and chemicals. No air monitoring is done in these places where toxic chemicals are released into rivers and the atmosphere. This work demonstrates the need for environmental monitors to protect human life in suburban and rural areas where industrial growth occurs without planning and ecological or health protection, compromising the health of new generations beginning in fetal development.

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“…The American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH) introduced t,t-MA as biological exposure index for benzene exposure 7) . Several investigations have reported the urinary concentration of t,t-MA in subjects who were exposed to benzene in manufactures of industrialized country 8) , nevertheless, few data exist which compare exposure to benzene among different occupations in developing countries 9) . The major environmental problem in Iran is air pollution.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of Benzene Exposure in Drivers and Petrol Stations Workers by Urinary trans,trans-Muconic Acid in West of Iran

et al. 2007

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Motor vehicle traffic is the main emission source of benzene. We undertook this study in order to compare benzene exposure and urinary levels of trans,trans-muconic acid (t,t-MA) in taxi drivers and petrol station workers. Air benzene levels were analyzed with gas chromatography using a Flame Ionization Detector. t,t-MA was extracted from urine and analyzed using high performance liquid chromatography. Significant differences in levels of urinary t,t-MA were found in drivers and petrol station workers when compared to a control group (p<0.05). Correlation coefficients between benzene in air and t,t-MA for petrol station workers and drivers were 0.65 and 0.30, respectively. The concentration of benzene in the breathing zone of petrol station workers was 2-3 times higher than drivers, and also 3 times greater than a threshold level (0.5 ppm) recommended by the American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH). The lowest benzene concentration at which urinary t,t-MA increased to a measurable level was approximately 0.17 ppm. In conclusion our results suggested that high benzene levels are emitted in petrol stations in west Iran. t,t-MA analysis was able to separate those exposed from the non-exposed benzene group when benzene in the breathing zone of subjects was greater than 0.17 ppm.

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Analysis of urinary S-phenylmercapturic acid and trans,trans-muconic acid as exposure biomarkers of benzene in petrochemical and industrial areas of Korea

Cited by 11 publications

References 8 publications

Gestational exposure to volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in Northeastern British Columbia, Canada: A pilot study

Gestational exposure to volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in Northeastern British Columbia, Canada: A pilot study

Volatile Organic Compounds in Air: Sources, Distribution, Exposure and Associated Illnesses in Children

Comparison of Benzene Exposure in Drivers and Petrol Stations Workers by Urinary trans,trans-Muconic Acid in West of Iran

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