Analysis on selective laser melting of WC-reinforced H13 steel composite powder by finite element method

Woo, Young Yun; Hwang, Taehyun; Oh, Ilyeong; Seo, Dongmyeong; Moon, Young Hoon

doi:10.1177/1687814018822200

Cited by 19 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 35 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The presence of the Ti element in the MMC confirmed the good metallurgical bond between the deposited layer and the substrate. In addition, it was expected that thermal stresses and then contraction stresses may have been induced due to the variation of the thermal expansion of each powder [ 35 , 36 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Laser Surface Modification of TC21 (α/β) Titanium Alloy Using a Direct Energy Deposition (DED) Process

et al. 2021

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The TC21 alloy (Ti-6Al-3Mo-1.9Nb-2.2Sn-2.2Zr-1.5Cr) is considered a new titanium alloy that replaced the commercial Ti-6Al-4V alloy in aerospace applications due to its higher operating temperatures. Recently, direct energy deposition was usually applied to enhance the hardness, tribological properties, and corrosion resistance for many alloys. Consequently, this study was performed by utilizing direct energy deposition (DED) on TC21 (α/β) titanium alloy to improve their mechanical properties by depositing a mixture powder of stellite-6 (Co-based alloy) and tungsten carbides particles (WC). Different WC percentages were applied to the surfaces of TC21 using a 4 kW continuous-wave fiber-coupled diode laser at a constant powder feeding rate. This study aimed to obtain a uniform distribution of hard surfaces containing undissolved WC particles that were dispersed in a Co-based alloy matrix to enhance the wear resistance of such alloys. Scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive X-ray analysis (EDAX), and X-ray diffractometry (XRD) were used to characterize the deposited layers. New constituents and intermetallic compounds were found in the deposited layers. The microhardness was measured for all deposited layers and wear resistance was evaluated at room temperature using a dry sliding ball during a disk abrasion test. The results showed that the microstructure of the deposited layer consisted of a hypereutectic structure and undissolved tungsten carbide dispersed in the matrix of the Co-based alloy that depended on the WC weight fraction. The microhardness values increased with increasing WC weight fraction in the deposited powder by more than threefold as compared with the as-cast samples. A notable enhancement of wear resistance of the deposited layers was thus achieved.

show abstract

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Laser Surface Modification of TC21 (α/β) Titanium Alloy Using a Direct Energy Deposition (DED) Process

et al. 2021

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…where p Ar is the argon pressure in the LPBF chamber, which is equal to 103325 Pa, V Ar is calculated as the product of the cube volume V cube and the defect density D, R is the ideal gas constant, and T is the solidus temperature (1585 K [34]). Subsequently, the argon content can be calculated from…”

Section: Microstructurementioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of initial defect density on mechanical properties of AISI H13 hot-work tool steel produced by laser powder bed fusion and hot isostatic pressing

et al. 2021

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

In this study, the microstructure and mechanical properties of martensitic hot-work tool steel AISI H13 produced by laser powder bed fusion (LPBF) under argon atmosphere in different LPBF process times were analysed in the as-built, hardened and tempered (HT) and hot isostatic pressed, hardened and tempered (HIP+HT) condition and compared to conventionally manufactured reference material. Three parameter sets were selected to adjust an initial defect density of 0.6%, 0.9% and 2.2% and thus process time reductions of 17% and 29%. We observed a change in the defect type from almost argon-free microcracks to argon-filled pores with higher scan velocities. Argon embrittlement was evident also in the results of tensile, notched impact toughness and fatigue tests. After HIP+HT a fatigue strength of 972 MPa was obtained for the set with 0.6% microcracks, but only 775 MPa and 718 MPa were obtained for samples with argon porosity.

show abstract

“…So far, casting (Moreira et al , 2022; Vivekananda et al , 2018) and powder metallurgy (Li et al , 2022b) are still the mainstream processes for preparing metal matrix composites. Unfortunately, these processes as known to all, still have many problems, such as long lead time, high energy consumption and difficulties to achieve complex shapes (Hu and Cong, 2018; Woo et al , 2019). In recent years, an increasing number of studies have been conducted through using additive manufacturing (AM) to fabricate iron-matrix composite components.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

WC-reinforced iron matrix composites fabricated by wire arc additive manufacturing combined with gravity-driven powder feeding: particle transportation and size effects

Bai

et al. 2022

RPJ

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Purpose A new wire arc additive manufacturing (WAAM) process combined with gravity-driven powder feeding was developed to fabricate components of tungsten carbide (WC)-reinforced iron matrix composites. The purpose of this study was to investigate the particle transportation mechanism during deposition and determine the effects of WC particle size on the microstructure and properties of the so-fabricated component. Design/methodology/approach Thin-walled samples were deposited by the new WAAM using two WC particles of different sizes. A series of in-depth investigations were conducted to reveal the differences in the macro morphology, microstructure, tensile performance and wear properties. Findings The results showed that inward convection and gravity were the main factors affecting WC transportation in the molten pool. Large WC particles have higher ability than small particles to penetrate into the molten pool and survive severe dissolution. Small WC particles were more likely to be completely dissolved around the top surface, forming a thicker region of reticulate (Fe, W)6C. Large WC particles can slow down the inward convection more, thereby leading to an increase in width and a decrease in the layer height of the weld bead. The mechanical properties and wear resistance significantly increased owing to reinforcement. Comparatively, samples with large WC particles showed inferior tensile properties owing to their higher susceptibility to cracks. Originality/value Fabricating metal matrix composites through the WAAM process is a novel concept that still requires further investigation. Apart from the self-designed gravity-driven powder feeding, the unique aspects of this study also include the revelation of the particle transportation mechanism of WC particles during deposition.

show abstract

Analysis on selective laser melting of WC-reinforced H13 steel composite powder by finite element method

Cited by 19 publications

References 35 publications

Laser Surface Modification of TC21 (α/β) Titanium Alloy Using a Direct Energy Deposition (DED) Process

Laser Surface Modification of TC21 (α/β) Titanium Alloy Using a Direct Energy Deposition (DED) Process

Influence of initial defect density on mechanical properties of AISI H13 hot-work tool steel produced by laser powder bed fusion and hot isostatic pressing

WC-reinforced iron matrix composites fabricated by wire arc additive manufacturing combined with gravity-driven powder feeding: particle transportation and size effects

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About